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"Growing up so quick": Fans delight in adorable snaps of Otto Sandilands

<p>Radio shock jock Kyle Sandilands has delighted fans with adorable new snaps of his son Otto. </p> <p>The official Instagram account for the <em>Kyle and Jackie O Show</em> shared the snaps of the smiling young boy, with many fans quick to point out that the one-year-old is the "spitting image" of his famous dad. </p> <p>“Otto is growing up so fast,” the pictures, showing Otto dressed in a blue T-shirt and playing with a ball outdoors, were captioned on social media. </p> <p>Fans of the show were quick to share their appreciation for the post, and reveal their surprise at how fast the little boy has grown up. </p> <blockquote class="instagram-media" style="background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);" data-instgrm-captioned="" data-instgrm-permalink="https://www.instagram.com/p/Cyttz3JSrKq/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" data-instgrm-version="14"> <div style="padding: 16px;"> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;"> </div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;"> </div> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 19% 0;"> </div> <div style="display: block; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;"> </div> <div style="padding-top: 8px;"> <div style="color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;">View this post on Instagram</div> </div> <div style="padding: 12.5% 0;"> </div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; margin-bottom: 14px; align-items: center;"> <div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(0px) translateY(7px);"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; height: 12.5px; transform: rotate(-45deg) translateX(3px) translateY(1px); width: 12.5px; flex-grow: 0; margin-right: 14px; margin-left: 2px;"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(9px) translateY(-18px);"> </div> </div> <div style="margin-left: 8px;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 20px; width: 20px;"> </div> <div style="width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 2px solid transparent; border-left: 6px solid #f4f4f4; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; transform: translateX(16px) translateY(-4px) rotate(30deg);"> </div> </div> <div style="margin-left: auto;"> <div style="width: 0px; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-right: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(16px);"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; flex-grow: 0; height: 12px; width: 16px; transform: translateY(-4px);"> </div> <div style="width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-left: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(-4px) translateX(8px);"> </div> </div> </div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 24px;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 224px;"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 144px;"> </div> </div> <p style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none;" href="https://www.instagram.com/p/Cyttz3JSrKq/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" target="_blank" rel="noopener">A post shared by Kyle and Jackie O (@kyleandjackieo)</a></p> </div> </blockquote> <p>“Here’s one gorgeous little boy. He's growing up so quick,” one fan wrote.</p> <p>“Such a cute and adorable little man. Beautiful picture of Otto,” another added.</p> <p>“He’s a big boy now,” a third wrote.</p> <p>“Spitting image of Kyle. So adorable,” another chimed in.</p> <p>Kyle has been very open about how much he has changed since becoming a father. </p> <p>In an interview in October 2022, he said, “I used to watch hours and hours of TV, and now I just sit there looking at him and he’s really been a joy.”</p> <p>“I’ve just been sitting at home the whole time which I’ve enjoyed. I’m at home now more than I was with lockdowns, so we’re loving every second of it."</p> <p>“I’m pretty happy actually. I can’t imagine being any happier.”</p> <p><em>Image credits: Instagram </em></p>

Family & Pets

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Readers respond: What did your mum or dad make for dinner growing up that you haven't had in ages?

<p>Sometimes love and affection comes in the form of food, especially when it’s made by our parents.</p> <p>As we grow older and start our own lives we begin to miss the things we got used to as we grow up, especially the food our parents made. </p> <p>Here are some dishes our Over60 readers grew up with that they miss dearly. </p> <p><strong>Keralie Stack </strong>- Mums apple pie, lemon meringue pie. Beautiful meat and kidney pies. Roasted meat in winter cooked in the fuel stove , along with a big pot of pea and ham soup in winter, followed with damper and scones for dinner</p> <p><strong>Peter Lord</strong> - Mums meat and potato pie! I’ve made it and it’s not bad but it’s nowhere near as good as mum’s!</p> <p><strong>Lee Pavey</strong> - A big roast dinner with roast veges &amp; gravy made with the juices of the meat. </p> <p><strong>Jenny Yaun</strong> - In my young 8 years old Living in Indonesia I loved Mum's Nasi Goreng made with tin corn beef, I still make now and again. I'm Dutch/Australian</p> <p><strong>Marie Manson </strong>- Dads fabulous vege soup..</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Dawn Holmes</strong> - Triple and onions!!! Can't say I miss it but they liked it!! But then mum was a great home cook with her baked goods and tasty soups and stews!!</p> <p><strong>Jennifer Sabatino</strong> - Shepherd’s Pie made with leftover lamb from the Sunday roast and apple sponge (apples with the sponge baked on top), baked custard, baked rice custard and bread &amp; butter pudding.</p> <p><strong>Kathy Bloor</strong> - Mince on toast. I have never made it for myself and I am 70</p> <p><strong>Keith Carter</strong> - I haven't had PLOT TOFFEE FOR 65 years. Just got the recipe from my 86 yo sister. So now thats the go.</p> <p><strong>Lorna Turner Prunes</strong> - and custard. I still cook all the foods my mum and dad cooked except for prunes and custard.</p>

Food & Wine

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5 must-watch films about ageing

<p>In an age where it seems everything pop culture is concerned with youthfulness and preventing the process of ageing at every chance, these films bucked the trend to bring authentic (not to mention entertaining) stories about ageing to the masses. Here are five movies about the trials and triumphs of growing old that you simply can’t miss.</p> <p><strong><em>About Schmidt</em></strong></p> <p>Starring Jack Nicholson as the newly-retired Warren Schmidt, this is a film about finding friendship and meaning in unlikely places. After his wife suddenly dies, he takes a life-changing trip across the country, confronting his demons and learning about what he really wants out of life. The final scene alone is worth a watch.</p> <p><strong><em>Amour</em></strong></p> <p>If you can stand the subtitles, this Oscar-winning French film is definitely not one to miss. It follows the story of an elderly couple, Anne and George, as they face the challenges that arise when Anne experiences a severe stroke. It’s a beautiful movie which showcases the power of love and the strength of the human spirit.</p> <p><em><strong>On Golden Pond</strong></em></p> <p>This 1981 film earned Henry Fonda an Oscar, and it’s not difficult to see why. <em>On Golden Pond</em> candidly explores the not-so-welcome side effects of ageing and the heartbreaking impact of memory loss on a tight-knit family. With great performances from Katherine Hepburn and Fonda’s daughter Jane, this is a film every family needs to watch.</p> <p><em><strong>The Curious Case of Benjamin Button</strong></em></p> <p>It may surprise you, but <em>Benjamin Button</em> is actually a fantastic commentary on what it means to grow old and how little our ‘age’ reflects how old we feel on the inside. Loosely based on F. Scott Fitzgerald’s 1992 short story of the same name, the film follows the relationship between Daisy Fuller (Cate Blanchett) and Benjamin Button (Brad Pitt), who bizarrely ages in reverse.</p> <p><strong><em>The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel</em></strong></p> <p>Featuring a star-studded cast including Judi Dench, Maggie Smith and Bill Nighy, if you haven’t already seen <em>The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel</em>, you’re in for a treat. The film follows a group of British seniors who move to a retirement hotel in India. What follows is an experience that just goes to show, it’s never too late to rediscover yourself. Plus, the sequel is just as fun!</p> <p><em>Image credit: Shutterstock</em></p>

Movies

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Why does grass grow more slowly in winter?

<p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/gregory-moore-1779">Gregory Moore</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/the-university-of-melbourne-722">The University of Melbourne</a></em></p> <p>A reader of The Conversation recently wrote in to ask:</p> <blockquote> <p>Why does grass grow slower in winter?</p> </blockquote> <p>It is a great question and at first the answer might seem obvious. There is less sunlight and it is colder in the winter months. This affects grass and plant growth in general.</p> <p>However, there is more to it than meets the eye. Different grasses respond to and cope with winter in different ways.</p> <h2>Grass: a recent arrival</h2> <p>Grasses are relatively recent arrivals in plant evolution, first appearing in fossil records about <a href="https://academic.oup.com/plphys/article/125/3/1198/6109905">65 million years ago</a> and becoming widespread in parts of Asia by about <a href="https://academic.oup.com/plphys/article/125/3/1198/6109905">30 million years ago</a>.</p> <p>Geologically, and in plant evolutionary time scales, this is quite recent. It means much of grass evolution has occurred under modern geological, environmental and climatic conditions. So, more than most plants, grasses have adapted to a modern, if pre-human, world. This affects their climatic responses.</p> <p>Some of our best-known grasses evolved from ancestors that first appeared on Earth hundreds of millions of years ago.</p> <p>Their physiology developed to cope with an Earth that had a very different atmosphere from that of today.</p> <p>These plants have a type of photosynthesis called <a href="https://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/agriculture/pastures-and-rangelands/native-pastures/what-are-c3-and-c4-native-grass">C3 metabolism</a>.</p> <h2>What is C3 metabolism?</h2> <p>C3 metabolism is about how the plant does the job of turning light, water and air into food (photosynthesis).</p> <p>About <a href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095545945;jsessionid=F1D6CE7E04A3DF20C48A6949F4A2F683#:%7E:text=C3%20plants%20make%20up%20over,let%20in%20more%20carbon%20dioxide">95%</a> of all plants you can think of – trees, shrubs, annuals, fruits, vegetables and many traditional (often called cool season) grasses – have C3 metabolism.</p> <p>Plants with this form of photosynthesis tend to grow well in a wide range of environmental conditions, even if the temperature is cooler and there are higher than usual levels of carbon dioxide in the air.</p> <p>They tend to remain green all year round if water is available, and may continue to grow well through late autumn. Many are frost-tolerant, but they may become dormant in hot dry weather.</p> <p>C3 grasses, such as ryegrass, do slow their growth for the winter months as sunlight becomes less intense. Their metabolic processes (in this case, photosynthesis) slow down when the temperature <a href="https://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/agriculture/pastures-and-rangelands/native-pastures/what-are-c3-and-c4-native-grass">drops</a>.</p> <p>Biological reactions are chemical reactions, after all. The rate of a reaction is temperature-dependent – speeding up when it’s warmer and slowing down or even stopping when it gets colder.</p> <p>But they tend to do better in winter than their cousins, the C4 grasses.</p> <h2>I’ve heard many lawn grasses are C4 grasses. What does that mean?</h2> <p>As the level of CO₂ in the atmosphere declined and geological events led to the development of tropical regions around the equator, a different group of plants evolved. These plants used a form of photosynthesis called C4 metabolism.</p> <p><a href="https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.13033">C4</a> plants grow very well under lower CO₂ levels in the atmosphere, use water more efficiently, and can cope with poor soils better than C3 grasses.</p> <p>But they struggle in the cold. They grow best in warmer, wetter conditions.</p> <p>While only about <a href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095545945;jsessionid=F1D6CE7E04A3DF20C48A6949F4A2F683#:%7E:text=C3%20plants%20make%20up%20over,let%20in%20more%20carbon%20dioxide">5%</a> of all plants have C4 photosynthesis, some of them are important grass species, such as:</p> <ul> <li> <p>bermuda grass</p> </li> <li> <p>buffalo grass</p> </li> <li> <p>paspalum</p> </li> <li> <p><a href="https://www.anbg.gov.au/gnp/interns-2004/themeda-triandra.html">kangaroo grass</a></p> </li> <li> <p>couch grass, and</p> </li> <li> <p>zoysia grass.</p> </li> </ul> <p>So if your lawn is sown with one of these grasses, you will definitely see a slowdown in winter, when they become <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC167095/">dormant</a>.</p> <p>Their leaves tend to turn from bright green to a dull pale green or even yellow. Their growth slows quickly and dramatically in early autumn as the light levels fall, temperatures cool and chlorophyll production starts to decline.</p> <p>The upside, of course, is they usually grow very well when the weather warms up again.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/206616/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https://theconversation.com/republishing-guidelines --></p> <p><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/gregory-moore-1779">Greg<em>ory Moore</em></a><em>, Senior Research Associate, School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/the-university-of-melbourne-722">The University of Melbourne</a></em></p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/why-does-grass-grow-more-slowly-in-winter-206616">original article</a>.</em></p>

Home & Garden

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10 best tips for gracefully growing out grey hair

<h2>Pro tips that make going grey so much better</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">There’s no avoiding it. At some point, you will have to deal with grey hair. Of course, how you deal with it is up to you. Some women start growing out grey hair as soon as it begins to appear. Others begin their journey by pulling out greys and then spend years dyeing it before deciding it’s too much of a hassle to do the constant cover-up. Even if you’ve found the <a href="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/healthsmart/beauty/how-to-find-the-best-hair-colour-for-your-skin-tone" target="_blank" rel="noopener">best hair colour for your skin tone</a>, having to touch up your roots every four to six weeks can get old. No matter what your path is, going grey isn’t for the faint of heart.</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">“Many women find it challenging to grow out grey hair,” says hairstylist Krysta Biancone. “This is because it usually occurs gradually, so the transition from natural hair colour to grey hair is not easy.”</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">But it’s not all doom and gloom when it comes to going grey. In fact, it can be incredibly empowering, liberating and downright gorgeous when you make it to the finish line, and it can even make you look younger. But first, there are a few things you need to know. We asked top hairstylists around the country to divulge their best tips for making this transition as easy as possible.</p> <h2>Add highlights</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">It might sound counterintuitive, but adding subtle colour can make the transition to grey more seamless. “When you first decide you’re nearly ready to go natural, a step in the right direction would be to start going lighter. That way, the roots grow in a little more gracefully,” says hair stylist and colourist, Kali Ferrara. “This can be done easily by a skilled colourist, with a lighter base colour in conjunction with highlights.”</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">One word of warning: steer clear of warmer colours like reds and strawberry blondes when growing out grey hair. Ferrara says these hues could backfire and show even more contrast with your roots.</p> <h2>Go a little darker</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">On the flip side, you could choose lowlights. But instead of adding a shade that’s slightly darker (which is normally what you’d do with lowlights), try to match your non-grey hair colour. This will help blend without adding a brand-new shade to the mix. “Lowlights create some contrast and will give hair a more salt-and-pepper look that can be very becoming,” says celebrity hairstylist Gina Rivera. Just be sure not to go darker than your hair colour, says Rivera. Doing so can create too much contrast and bring more attention to the fact that you are transitioning to grey, which won’t look good in photos or in real life.</p> <h2>Chop it off</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Ready for a big change? Ferrara recommends growing your roots as long as you possibly can and then getting a super-short haircut to get rid of all the leftover colour. How short you go is totally up to you. A pixie cut can be chic and low-maintenance, but if you’ve never had short hair, that could be too big of a change. A short bob looks good on just about anyone, so that may be your best bet, though a stylist will be able to help you determine just how short will be flattering for your face shape. In general, slimmer faces tend to look great with hair that hits just under the jawbone, while fuller faces may want to go slightly longer (think a few centimetres below the jaw).</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">“While this can be a dramatic change, it can also be just the new look you may be looking for!” Ferrara says. “Think of your natural hair colour as a new adventure – a new, liberated you.”</p> <h2>Cover roots as they grow in</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">If you’re growing out grey hair but your roots are driving you nuts, there are a few ways you can hide them. One easy solution is to cover them with a headband, hat or chic scarf. Another option is root spray or powder. “These products can mask the roots very effectively,” says master stylist Lorrene Conino. “Just spray the exposed areas after you style your hair.”</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Just shake the bottle well, hold it about 15 centimetres from your roots and spritz it on. These products offer instant coverage on grey hair without an expensive trip to the salon.</p> <h2>Don’t slack on trims</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">If you can’t bring yourself to do a big cut, regular haircuts (even little ones!) can help make the process go faster too. Aim for a trim every six to eight weeks. This will help you get rid of split ends and maintain healthy hair during your growing-out period, says hairstylist Nia Jones. After all, she explains, you may as well keep your hair looking as good as possible as you go through this tricky transition. Another bonus? Even if you aren’t getting a drastic cut, snipping a bit each time will get rid of old colour.</p> <h2>Prevent brassiness</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">As more and more grey starts growing in, make sure those strands look as good as possible. Although grey hair is less vibrant than hair of other colours, it still can become dull and uneven if not properly cared for. Sun exposure, washing hair with water that has a high mineral content, and improper hair care are just a few reasons grey locks can turn brassy. Luckily, there’s a quick fix: using shampoo and conditioner designed specifically for silver or white hair can help tone down brassiness by balancing out the warm undertones, says Biancone.</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">You can also include purple toning products into your maintenance routine. Why purple? To understand how a purple product works, you need to know a bit about colour theory. Essentially, on the colour wheel, purple is opposite of yellow. This means that purple shampoo or toner helps to neutralise unwanted yellow or brassy tones that can come along with greys. Try adding toning drops to your shampoo or conditioner once a week to keep your hair the colour you want it. Taking this small precaution when caring for grey hair can help create luscious-looking locks with longevity.</p> <h2>Go big on moisture</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">The texture of grey hair is quite different from the hair of your youth. George Papanikolas, a celebrity hairstylist, explains that it’s typically more coarse, frizzy and dehydrated. To combat this, he recommends arming your strands with moisturising products that will keep it silky and shiny.</p> <h2>Don’t try to remove hair dye on your own</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Let’s say you’ve been dying your hair to cover up those greys but wish you hadn’t. Well, even if you’ve just been using root touch-up kits as new greys grow in, you should never try to lift or remove hair dye on your own. “Chemicals are typically used to remove colour, and you need to know what you are doing,” warns Rivera. “If you don’t, you could end up really damaging your hair.” If this is a route you’re intent on exploring instead of waiting for the colour to grow out, book an appointment with a professional. Just be aware that removing hair dye is tricky and often takes multiple appointments.</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">For an easier, much gentler option, try using a clarifying shampoo to lighten the dye on your strands, says Jones. These shampoos are formulated to remove excess buildup and give you a deep clean, but they may also help wash away some colour. Just don’t use them more than once a week. These products give hair a deep clean, and using them too often can strip your strands of natural oils that add hydration.</p> <h2>Experiment with new styles</h2> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Whether you’re trying to cover up the grey or want to embrace it, Jones suggests playing with different styles outside of the boundaries of your everyday look – ie, a ponytail, a different part that flatters your face shape or a brushed-back style that ‘hides’ roots. Changing things up allows you to play with your style, and it also makes growing out grey hair look cool and intentional. Who says blondes have all the fun?!</p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;"><em>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/healthsmart/beauty/10-best-tips-for-gracefully-growing-out-grey-hair" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Reader's Digest</a>.</em></p> <p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;"><em>Images: Getty</em></p>

Beauty & Style

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Devoted son grows out hair for mum going through chemo

<p dir="ltr">An Arizona woman battling with brain cancer lost her hair while undergoing radiation treatment and her son has gone the extra mile to help. </p> <p dir="ltr">Speaking with <em>Today</em> in 2022, Melanie Shaha, 61-year-old mother of six, said that doctors discovered a benign brain tumour in her pituitary gland in 2003.</p> <p dir="ltr">Ms Shaha had surgery to remove the tumour, which grew to be the size of a plum, according to Today, but she underwent a second procedure when it returned.</p> <p dir="ltr">In 2017, Ms Shaha’s tumour returned once more and she was prescribed radiation treatment. </p> <p dir="ltr">"Not having hair, you stick out like a sore thumb and well-meaning people can say things that break your heart," she told<em> Today</em>.</p> <p dir="ltr">"I don't mind being sick but I mind looking sick. I'd rather blend in and not stand out at the store." </p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Today</em> revealed that back in 2018, Ms Shaha’s 28-year-old son Matt made a joke that sparked an idea during a family lunch. </p> <p dir="ltr">"I said, 'Why don't I grow out my hair to make a wig for you?’” Matt told the outlet.</p> <p dir="ltr">Although Ms Shaha was hesitant to take her son up on his offer, he persisted and grew 12 inches of hair by March 2022. KSAZ, a local news station in Phoenix Arizona reported that Matt grew his hair out for two and a half years.</p> <blockquote class="instagram-media" style="background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);" data-instgrm-captioned="" data-instgrm-permalink="https://www.instagram.com/p/CgfqMtWvqYe/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" data-instgrm-version="14"> <div style="padding: 16px;"> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;"> </div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;"> </div> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 19% 0;"> </div> <div style="display: block; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;"> </div> <div style="padding-top: 8px;"> <div style="color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;">View this post on Instagram</div> </div> <div style="padding: 12.5% 0;"> </div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; margin-bottom: 14px; align-items: center;"> <div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(0px) translateY(7px);"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; height: 12.5px; transform: rotate(-45deg) translateX(3px) translateY(1px); width: 12.5px; flex-grow: 0; margin-right: 14px; margin-left: 2px;"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(9px) translateY(-18px);"> </div> </div> <div style="margin-left: 8px;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 20px; width: 20px;"> </div> <div style="width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 2px solid transparent; border-left: 6px solid #f4f4f4; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; transform: translateX(16px) translateY(-4px) rotate(30deg);"> </div> </div> <div style="margin-left: auto;"> <div style="width: 0px; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-right: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(16px);"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; flex-grow: 0; height: 12px; width: 16px; transform: translateY(-4px);"> </div> <div style="width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-left: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(-4px) translateX(8px);"> </div> </div> </div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 24px;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 224px;"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 144px;"> </div> </div> <p style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none;" href="https://www.instagram.com/p/CgfqMtWvqYe/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" target="_blank" rel="noopener">A post shared by Mercedes Berg (@mercedesmberg)</a></p> </div> </blockquote> <p dir="ltr"> Matt chopped off his long locks with the help of his coworkers, according to <em>Today</em>.</p> <p dir="ltr">"We were super pumped and when they started cutting, we bawled," Ms Shaha told the outlet.</p> <p dir="ltr">They then shipped the hair to Compassionate Creations in Newport Beach, California where it was constructed into a hand-stitched wig. KSAZ reported that the wig cost $2,000.</p> <p dir="ltr">"The colour is spectacular and we had it cut and styled with a hairdresser," Ms Shaha told <em>Today</em>. ”Matt said it looks great on me.”</p> <p dir="ltr">"It's a no-brainer," Matt told KSAZ. "She gave me the hair in the first place."</p> <p><span id="docs-internal-guid-dcbdbe5e-7fff-a917-41a6-da9865809eca"></span></p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image credit: Instagram</em></p>

Family & Pets

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Tiredness of life: the growing phenomenon in western society

<p>Molly was 88 years old and in good health. She had outlived two husbands, her siblings, most of her friends and her only son. </p> <p>“I don’t have any meaningful relationships left, dear,” she told me. “They’ve all died. And you know what? Underneath it all, I want to leave this world too.”</p> <p>Leaning a little closer, as though she was telling me a secret, she continued: "Shall I tell you what I am? I’m strong. I can admit to myself and to you that there’s nothing left for me here. I’m more than ready to leave when it’s my time. In fact, it can’t come quickly enough."</p> <p>I’ve <a href="https://theconversation.com/loneliness-loss-and-regret-what-getting-old-really-feels-like-new-study-157731">interviewed</a> many older people for research. Every so often, I’m struck by the sincerity with which some people feel that their life is completed. They seem tired of being alive. </p> <p>I’m a member of of the European <a href="https://research.ugent.be/web/result/project/6d511516-39ad-4c2e-ad46-44d5ce25ca29/details/en">Understanding Tiredness of Life in Older People Research Network</a>, a group of geriatricians, psychiatrists, social scientists, psychologists and death scholars. We want to better understand the phenomenon and unpick what is unique about it. The network is also working on advice for politicians and healthcare practices, as well as caregiver and patient support.</p> <p>Professor of care ethics Els van Wijngaarden and colleagues in the Netherlands <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953615002889">listened to a group of older people</a> who were not seriously ill, yet felt a yearning to end their lives. The key issues they identified in such people were: aching loneliness, pain associated with not mattering, struggles with self-expression, existential tiredness, and fear of being reduced to a completely dependent state.</p> <p>This need not be the consequence of a lifetime of suffering, or a response to intolerable physical pain. Tiredness of life also seems to arise in people who consider themselves to have lived fulfilling lives.</p> <p>One man of 92 told the network’s researchers: "You have no effect on anything. The ship sets sail and everyone has a job, but you just sail along. I am cargo to them. That’s not easy. That’s not me. Humiliation is too strong a word, but it is bordering on it. I simply feel ignored, completely marginalised."</p> <p>Another man said: "Look at the condition of those old ladies in the building opposite. Gaunt and half-dead, pointlessly driven around in a wheelchair … It has nothing to do with being human anymore. It is a stage of life I simply don’t want to go through."</p> <h2>A unique suffering</h2> <p>The American novelist <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/07/books/review/07gord.html">Philip Roth wrote</a> that “old age is not a battle, old age is a massacre”. If we live long enough, we can lose our identity, physical capabilities, partner, friends and careers. </p> <p>For some people, <a href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/ageing-and-society/article/abs/gradual-separation-from-the-world-a-qualitative-exploration-of-existential-loneliness-in-old-age/5567288AD35DFB878F3F756FF233FB1C">this elicits</a> a deep-rooted sense that life has been stripped of meaning – and that the tools we need to rebuild a sense of purpose are irretrievable.</p> <p>Care professor Helena Larsson and colleagues in Sweden have <a href="https://bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12877-017-0533-1.pdf#:%7E:text=This%20study%20is%20part%20of%20a%20larger%20research,was%20analysed%20using%20Hsiehand%20Shannon%E2%80%99s%20conventional%20content%20analysis.">written about</a> a gradual “turning out of the lights” in old age. They argue that people steadily let go of life, until they reach a point where they are ready to turn off the outside world. Larsson’s team raises the question of whether this might be inevitable for us all. </p> <p>Of course, this sort of suffering shares characteristics (it’s depressing and painful) with anguish we encounter at other points in life. But it’s not the same. Consider the existential suffering that might arise from a terminal illness or recent divorce. In these examples, part of the suffering is connected to the fact that there is more of life’s voyage to make – but that the rest of the journey feels uncertain and no longer looks the way we fantasised it would. </p> <p>This sort of suffering is often tied to mourning a future we feel we should have had, or fearing a future we are uncertain about. One of the distinctions in tiredness of life is that there is no desire for, or mourning of, a future; only a profound sense that the journey is over, yet drags on painfully and indefinitely.</p> <h2>The global view</h2> <p>In countries where euthanasia and assisted suicide are <a href="https://www.bmj.com/content/372/bmj.n147">legal</a>, doctors and <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15265161.2021.2013981?casa_token=XEzfqjWH8uUAAAAA:GD6c6mZEv7q9eq2fqfSNcrbGWYD1-0ehOU3tTTJ2Zbnyraf3VvdvQcIRXF847Dp6T9k_yWctt3E">researchers are debating</a> whether tiredness of life meets the threshold for the sort of <a href="http://www.bioethics.org.au/Resources/Online%20Articles/Opinion%20Pieces/2201%20Tired%20of%20Life.pdf">unceasing emotional suffering</a> that grants people the right to euthanasia. </p> <p>The fact that this problem is common enough for researchers to debate it may suggest that modern life has shut older people out of western society. Perhaps elders are <a href="https://arro.anglia.ac.uk/id/eprint/703688/">no longer revered</a> for their wisdom and experience. But it’s not inevitable. In Japan, age is seen as a spring or rebirth after a busy period of working and raising children. One study found older adults in Japan showed <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3183740/#R34">higher scores on personal growth</a> compared with midlife adults, whereas the opposite age pattern was found in the US.</p> <p>Surgeon and medical professor <a href="https://mh.bmj.com/content/41/2/145">Atul Gawande</a> argues that in western societies, medicine has created the ideal conditions for transforming ageing into a “long, slow fade”. He believes quality of life has been overlooked as we channel our resources towards biological survival. This is unprecedented in history. Tiredness of life may be evidence of the cost.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://theconversation.com/tiredness-of-life-the-growing-phenomenon-in-western-society-203934" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Conversation</a>. </em></p>

Caring

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There’s a growing gap between countries advancing LGBTQ+ rights, and those going backwards

<p>Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and Foreign Minister Penny Wong joined 50,000 people to march in support of queer rights across the Sydney Harbour Bridge for World Pride in early March. A week earlier, Albanese became the first sitting prime minister to march in Sydney’s Mardi Gras, something he’s done over several decades.</p> <p>And yet at the same time, in another part of the world, Uganda’s parliament passed <a href="https://theconversation.com/ugandas-new-anti-lgbtq-law-could-lead-to-death-penalty-for-same-sex-offences-202376">a string of draconian measures</a> against homosexuality, including possible death sentences for “aggravated homosexuality”. Any “promotion” of homosexuality is also outlawed.</p> <p>Seven years ago, I co-wrote a book with Jonathan Symons called Queer Wars. Back then, we suggested there was <a href="https://researchers.mq.edu.au/en/publications/queer-wars-the-new-global-polarization-over-gay-rights">a growing gap </a>between countries in which sexual and gender diversity was becoming more acceptable, and those where repression was increasing. </p> <p>Sadly, that analysis seems even more relevant today.</p> <h2>A growing gap</h2> <p>Some countries have been unwinding criminal sanctions around homosexuality, which are often the legacy of colonialism. This includes, in recent years, former British colonies <a href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/08/22/singapore-decriminalize-gay-sex">Singapore</a> and <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/sep/06/indian-supreme-court-decriminalises-homosexuality">India</a>.</p> <p>But others have been imposing new and more vicious penalties for any deviation from stereotypical assumptions of heterosexual masculine superiority (what Australian sociologist Raewyn Connell <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0891243205278639">terms</a> “hegemonic masculinity”).</p> <p>Anti-gay legislation is currently pending in Ghana, which led US Vice President Kamala Harris to <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-43822234">express concerns</a> on a recent visit.</p> <p>These moves echo the deep homophobia of Russian President Vladimir Putin, who has <a href="https://www.bostonreview.net/articles/putins-anti-gay-war-on-ukraine/">bizarrely linked</a> intervention in Ukraine to protecting traditional values against LGBTQ+ infiltration.</p> <p>Meanwhile, reports from Afghanistan suggest that anyone identified as “LGBT” is <a href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/01/26/afghanistan-taliban-target-lgbt-afghans">in danger of being killed</a>.</p> <p>Indonesia recently passed legislation <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/dec/06/indonesia-passes-legislation-banning-sex-outside-marriage">penalising all sex outside marriage</a>. This follows <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13639811.2022.2038871">years of anti-queer rhetoric</a> from Indonesian leaders and crackdowns in regional areas.</p> <p>And while the Biden administration is supportive of queer rights globally, the extraordinary hysteria <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/mar/07/cpac-anti-trans-rhetoric">around trans issues in the Republican Party</a> reminds us the West has no inherent claim to moral superiority.</p> <h2>Where to next?</h2> <p>Speaking at the World Pride Human Rights Conference, both Wong and Attorney General Mark Dreyfus made it clear Australia would press for recognition of sexuality and gender identity as deserving protection, as part of <a href="https://www.foreignminister.gov.au/minister/penny-wong/speech/sydney-worldpride-human-rights-conference-opening-statement">our commitment to human rights</a>.</p> <p>Wong also announced a <a href="https://www.themandarin.com.au/213443-wong-announces-international-fund-for-lgbt-rights/">new Inclusion and Equality Fund</a> to support queer community organisations within our region.</p> <p>Australian governments have usually been wary of loud assertions of support for queer rights. This is partly due to a reasonable fear this merely reinforces the perception that such language reflects <a href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/african-studies-review/article/abs/locating-neocolonialism-tradition-and-human-rights-in-ugandas-gay-death-penalty/33A06F4F33CF586E20E208BE790E71E0">a sense of Western superiority</a>, unwilling to acknowledge other societies may have very different attitudes towards gender and sexuality.</p> <p>Australia is part of the Equal Rights Coalition, an intergovernmental body of 42 countries dedicated to the protection of the rights of LGBTQ+ people, and has supported sexual and gender rights in the <a href="https://humanrights.gov.au/our-work/rights-and-freedoms/australias-second-universal-periodic-review-human-rights">country reviews</a> undertaken by the United Nations Human Rights Commission.</p> <p>Australia has a minimal presence in Uganda, and direct representations are unlikely to have much effect. Uganda is a member of the Commonwealth, as are Ghana, Kenya and Zambia, where official homophobia appears to be increasing. But there’s little evidence the Australian government sees this as a significant foreign policy forum, or is prepared to push for sexual rights through its institutions.</p> <p>As persecution on the basis of sexuality and gender identity increases, more people will seek to flee their countries. Queer refugees face double jeopardy: they’re not safe at home, but they’re often equally unsafe in their diasporic communities, which have inherited the <a href="https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/01/lgbt-refugees-untold-story/">deep prejudices of their homelands</a>.</p> <p>The UN’s refugee agency <a href="https://www.unhcr.org/lgbtiq-persons.html">reports</a> that most people seeking asylum because of their sexuality are unwilling to disclose this, because of discrimination within their own ethnic communities. This makes it impossible to have accurate numbers. But a clear signal from Australia would be a powerful statement of support – that it understands the situation and welcomes people who need flee because of their sexuality or gender expression.</p> <p>An official Canadian government document <a href="https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/refugees/canada-role/2slgbtqi-plus.html">states</a>: "Canada has a proud history of providing protection to and helping to resettle the world’s most vulnerable groups. That includes those in the Two-Spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, and additional sexually and gender diverse community."</p> <p>Theirs is a model worth following.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://theconversation.com/theres-a-growing-gap-between-countries-advancing-lgbtq-rights-and-those-going-backwards-203329" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Conversation</a>. </em></p>

Caring

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Calls to regulate AI are growing louder. But how exactly do you regulate a technology like this?

<p>Last week, artificial intelligence pioneers and experts urged major AI labs to immediately pause the training of AI systems more powerful than GPT-4 for at least six months. </p> <p>An <a href="https://futureoflife.org/open-letter/pause-giant-ai-experiments/">open letter</a> penned by the <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/commentisfree/2022/dec/04/longtermism-rich-effective-altruism-tech-dangerous">Future of Life Institute</a> cautioned that AI systems with “human-competitive intelligence” could become a major threat to humanity. Among the risks, the possibility of AI outsmarting humans, rendering us obsolete, and <a href="https://time.com/6266923/ai-eliezer-yudkowsky-open-letter-not-enough/">taking control of civilisation</a>.</p> <p>The letter emphasises the need to develop a comprehensive set of protocols to govern the development and deployment of AI.</p> <p>It states, "These protocols should ensure that systems adhering to them are safe beyond a reasonable doubt. This does not mean a pause on AI development in general, merely a stepping back from the dangerous race to ever-larger unpredictable black-box models with emergent capabilities."</p> <p>Typically, the battle for regulation has pitted governments and large technology companies against one another. But the recent open letter – so far signed by more than 5,000 signatories including Twitter and Tesla CEO Elon Musk, Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak and OpenAI scientist Yonas Kassa – seems to suggest more parties are finally converging on one side. </p> <p>Could we really implement a streamlined, global framework for AI regulation? And if so, what would this look like?</p> <h2>What regulation already exists?</h2> <p>In Australia, the government has established the <a href="https://www.csiro.au/en/work-with-us/industries/technology/national-ai-centre">National AI Centre</a> to help develop the nation’s <a href="https://www.industry.gov.au/science-technology-and-innovation/technology/artificial-intelligence">AI and digital ecosystem</a>. Under this umbrella is the <a href="https://www.csiro.au/en/work-with-us/industries/technology/National-AI-Centre/Responsible-AI-Network">Responsible AI Network</a>, which aims to drive responsible practise and provide leadership on laws and standards. </p> <p>However, there is currently no specific regulation on AI and algorithmic decision-making in place. The government has taken a light touch approach that widely embraces the concept of responsible AI, but stops short of setting parameters that will ensure it is achieved.</p> <p>Similarly, the US has adopted a <a href="https://dataconomy.com/2022/10/artificial-intelligence-laws-and-regulations/">hands-off strategy</a>. Lawmakers have not shown any <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/03/business/dealbook/lawmakers-ai-regulations.html">urgency</a> in attempts to regulate AI, and have relied on existing laws to regulate its use. The <a href="https://www.uschamber.com/assets/documents/CTEC_AICommission2023_Exec-Summary.pdf">US Chamber of Commerce</a> recently called for AI regulation, to ensure it doesn’t hurt growth or become a national security risk, but no action has been taken yet.</p> <p>Leading the way in AI regulation is the European Union, which is racing to create an <a href="https://artificialintelligenceact.eu/">Artificial Intelligence Act</a>. This proposed law will assign three risk categories relating to AI:</p> <ul> <li>applications and systems that create “unacceptable risk” will be banned, such as government-run social scoring used in China</li> <li>applications considered “high-risk”, such as CV-scanning tools that rank job applicants, will be subject to specific legal requirements, and</li> <li>all other applications will be largely unregulated.</li> </ul> <p>Although some groups argue the EU’s approach will <a href="https://carnegieendowment.org/2023/02/14/lessons-from-world-s-two-experiments-in-ai-governance-pub-89035">stifle innovation</a>, it’s one Australia should closely monitor, because it balances offering predictability with keeping pace with the development of AI. </p> <p>China’s approach to AI has focused on targeting specific algorithm applications and writing regulations that address their deployment in certain contexts, such as algorithms that generate harmful information, for instance. While this approach offers specificity, it risks having rules that will quickly fall behind rapidly <a href="https://carnegieendowment.org/2023/02/14/lessons-from-world-s-two-experiments-in-ai-governance-pub-89035">evolving technology</a>.</p> <h2>The pros and cons</h2> <p>There are several arguments both for and against allowing caution to drive the control of AI.</p> <p>On one hand, AI is celebrated for being able to generate all forms of content, handle mundane tasks and detect cancers, among other things. On the other hand, it can deceive, perpetuate bias, plagiarise and – of course – has some experts worried about humanity’s collective future. Even OpenAI’s CTO, <a href="https://time.com/6252404/mira-murati-chatgpt-openai-interview/">Mira Murati</a>, has suggested there should be movement toward regulating AI.</p> <p>Some scholars have argued excessive regulation may hinder AI’s full potential and interfere with <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0267364916300814?casa_token=f7xPY8ocOt4AAAAA:V6gTZa4OSBsJ-DOL-5gSSwV-KKATNIxWTg7YZUenSoHY8JrZILH2ei6GdFX017upMIvspIDcAuND">“creative destruction”</a> – a theory which suggests long-standing norms and practices must be pulled apart in order for innovation to thrive.</p> <p>Likewise, over the years <a href="https://www.businessroundtable.org/policy-perspectives/technology/ai">business groups</a> have pushed for regulation that is flexible and limited to targeted applications, so that it doesn’t hamper competition. And <a href="https://www.bitkom.org/sites/main/files/2020-06/03_bitkom_position-on-whitepaper-on-ai_all.pdf">industry associations</a>have called for ethical “guidance” rather than regulation – arguing that AI development is too fast-moving and open-ended to adequately regulate. </p> <p>But citizens seem to advocate for more oversight. According to reports by Bristows and KPMG, about two-thirds of <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-03-29/australians-say-not-enough-done-to-regulate-ai/102158318">Australian</a>and <a href="https://www.bristows.com/app/uploads/2019/06/Artificial-Intelligence-Public-Perception-Attitude-and-Trust.pdf">British</a> people believe the AI industry should be regulated and held accountable.</p> <h2>What’s next?</h2> <p>A six-month pause on the development of advanced AI systems could offer welcome respite from an AI arms race that just doesn’t seem to be letting up. However, to date there has been no effective global effort to meaningfully regulate AI. Efforts the world over have have been fractured, delayed and overall lax.</p> <p>A global moratorium would be difficult to enforce, but not impossible. The open letter raises questions around the role of governments, which have largely been silent regarding the potential harms of extremely capable AI tools. </p> <p>If anything is to change, governments and national and supra-national regulatory bodies will need take the lead in ensuring accountability and safety. As the letter argues, decisions concerning AI at a societal level should not be in the hands of “unelected tech leaders”.</p> <p>Governments should therefore engage with industry to co-develop a global framework that lays out comprehensive rules governing AI development. This is the best way to protect against harmful impacts and avoid a race to the bottom. It also avoids the undesirable situation where governments and tech giants struggle for dominance over the future of AI.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Shutterstock</em></p> <p><em>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://theconversation.com/calls-to-regulate-ai-are-growing-louder-but-how-exactly-do-you-regulate-a-technology-like-this-203050" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Conversation</a>. </em></p>

Technology

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The ethics of home ownership in an age of growing inequality

<p>For many Americans today, <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2022/03/23/key-facts-about-housing-affordability-in-the-u-s/">homeownership is an unattainable dream</a>. </p> <p>In 2022, the average <a href="https://apnews.com/article/inflation-business-economy-prices-mortgages-b3d20020ecddf7a13bd62fb7b5ed7c0c">long-term U.S. mortgage rate rose to 7%</a> for the first time in more than two decades. The median sales price of existing homes <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-home-sales-fell-again-in-june-economists-estimate-11658309401">climbed to a record US$416,000</a> while demand for mortgages dropped to a <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2022/10/19/mortgage-demand-drops-to-a-25-year-low-as-interest-rates-climb.html">25-year low</a>. </p> <p>Experts forecast a turnaround in 2023, predicting a fall in <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/mortgages/real-estate/housing-market-predictions/">home prices</a> and <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/mortgages/mortgage-interest-rates-forecast/">mortgage rates</a>. With the housing market likely to cool modestly, the prospect of a gradual return to affordability may sound like music to buyers’ ears. </p> <p>But should people be purchasing property at all?</p> <p>My <a href="https://hi.psu.edu/scholars/desiree-lim/">research examines</a> the negative impact of property ownership. Despite the current state of the housing market, property is <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/qai/2022/08/30/housing-prices-are-dropping---yes-a-house-is-still-a-good-investment/">still considered a sound investment</a> – at least for the limited group who can afford it. However, property ownership can have serious consequences on others’ lives. </p> <h2>Buying to make a profit?</h2> <p>There is a difference between the two main categories of property buyers: those purchasing property as a primary home versus property for investment.</p> <p>Purchasing property as a primary home is considered more ethical than acquiring property for investment, as housing is considered a basic necessity. </p> <p>Property for investment, however, is owned for personal profit, often without the owner’s intending to ever live there. Investors may purchase homes that can be “fixed and flipped” and sell them at a profit or lease them to renters. </p> <p>As of 2019, renters headed around <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/08/02/as-national-eviction-ban-expires-a-look-at-who-rents-and-who-owns-in-the-u-s/">36% of the nation’s 122.8 million households</a>. Census data shows that <a href="https://www.census.gov/housing/hvs/files/currenthvspress.pdf">there are 48.2 million rental units</a> in the U.S., roughly 70% of which are owned by individual landlords.</p> <h2>Landlordphobia?</h2> <p>Landlords have often been <a href="https://jacobin.com/2021/07/abolish-landlords-cancel-rent-eviction-homelessness">criticized for being callous</a> and <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/apr/16/landlords-social-parasites-last-people-should-be-honouring-buy-to-let">greedy</a>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-020-00502-1">COVID-19</a> exacerbated landlords’ poor reputations because the pandemic increased <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2021.2020866">renter payment difficulties</a> and <a href="https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306353">triggered widespread evictions</a> and <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3613030">homelessness</a>.</p> <p>Some renters complained about uncaring landlords who were <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/josi.12555">accused of pressuring and threatening vulnerable tenants</a>. The federal and state governments stepped in to help people with such interventions as the <a href="https://nlihc.org/coronavirus-and-housing-homelessness/national-eviction-moratorium">federal eviction moratorium</a> and New York City’s <a href="https://www.nyc.gov/site/rentfreeze/index.page">rent freeze program</a>. </p> <p>Yet landlords also provide rental opportunities for those who prefer not to buy and for those who wish to buy their own home but cannot afford it. Furthermore, landlords can be seen as offering a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/reasons-renting-a-house-is-better-than-buying-one-2019-8?r=US&amp;IR=T">valuable service to those who are not seeking long-term occupancy</a>, such as university students who plan to leave upon graduation or temporary visitors to the U.S. </p> <p>The ethics of renting out property, then, seems to turn partly on whether renters need it for long-term basic shelter. </p> <p>Landlords are often blamed for the housing crisis. However, it is the responsibility of the government to ensure the <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/en/special-procedures/sr-housing/homelessness-and-human-rights">right to long-term shelter</a>. </p> <p>Individual landlords may contribute toward a poor housing system, but they act within the confines of the system. Only governments have the power to change the system, through investment in affordable housing. </p> <h2>The ethics of owning a home</h2> <p>Homebuyers also have ethical obligations to others.</p> <p>Choosing to own property in a <a href="https://bayareaequityatlas.org/indicators/gentrification-risk#/">gentrifying neighborhood, or one considered at risk of gentrifying</a>, may contribute to the forced displacement of <a href="https://www.law.georgetown.edu/poverty-journal/blog/examining-the-negative-impacts-of-gentrification/">existing long-term residents</a>. The harms of having to leave one’s former neighborhood include the severing of community networks or enduring the strain of <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/17/business/economy/san-francisco-commute.html">extraordinarily long work commutes</a>. Additionally, persons of color <a href="http://www.wipsociology.org/2021/05/20/how-gentrification-reproduces-racial-inequality">are disproportionately affected by gentrification</a>, which may create new patterns of racial segregation.</p> <p>Given these consequences, aspiring homeowners should perhaps avoid purchasing homes in neighbourhoods with vulnerable residents. But, with housing unaffordability writ large, first-time buyers may be able to afford properties only in neighborhoods at risk of gentrification.</p> <h2>Mitigating risk</h2> <p>How can governments mitigate risks like racial segregation while also providing affordable housing? </p> <p>One example is Singapore’s system of <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-07-08/behind-the-design-of-singapore-s-low-cost-housing">affordable public housing</a>. To prevent segregation, Singapore introduced racial quotas in public housing that require minimum levels of occupancy of each of its main ethnic groups – Chinese, Malay, Indian, and others, which includes all other ethnicities. Though intrusive and <a href="https://www.cigionline.org/static/documents/documents/PB%20no.128web.pdf">imperfect in its execution</a>, the Singaporean approach shows that a more proactive approach to housing is possible.</p> <p>Landlords may have moral duties, but the government’s role in recognising and protecting the right to stable long-term housing must not be ignored.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://theconversation.com/the-ethics-of-home-ownership-in-an-age-of-growing-inequality-196775" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Conversation</a>. </em></p>

Real Estate

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Readers Respond: What was your go-to summer treat growing up?

<p dir="ltr">Summer is here and we asked you what your favourite summer treat was growing up!</p> <p dir="ltr">Some of them even go way back. Take a look at some of your favourite treats:</p> <p dir="ltr">Nola Schmidt- Mum's homemade ice cream when we got a refrigerator. Before that chips of ice when the iceman delivered. Or icy poles from local milk bar.</p> <p dir="ltr">Susanne Foan- Ducky doubles from the little shop at the caravan park we stayed at in Capel WA.</p> <p dir="ltr">Robyn Harrison- Tip Top FruJu natural frozen juice on a stick.</p> <p dir="ltr">Lynne Abbott - The ice blocks made by my Mum and my nextdoor best friend's Mum.</p> <p dir="ltr">Mum made ice blocks with Raspberry cordial and my friend's Mum made them with chocolate milk. We ran back and forth between the houses getting cups of ice blocks from both Mums.</p> <p dir="ltr">Linda Stone- Hawaiian Delight ice block.</p> <p dir="ltr">Denise McGoldrick- Either homemade ice cream or watermelon (My Dad grew them to sell for extra money and he would chop up the ones he couldn't sell for us). Great days.</p> <p dir="ltr">Tracie Lee- Raspberry Freezer.</p> <p dir="ltr">Robyn Harrison- Coconut paddle pop, they do not make them now. We had real coconut in them.</p> <p dir="ltr">Jill Selwood- An ice cream in a cone. Or an apple-usually Granny Smith.</p> <p dir="ltr">Meegan Barclay- Frozen Cappuccino cups gold Coast in the 70s.</p> <p dir="ltr">Rhonda Jones- Iced Pineapple Drink from Lolly Shop/Milk Bar in Glenferrie Road Malvern, no longer there.</p> <p dir="ltr">Beverley Pye- Home made Ice blocks made with milk and strawberry topping, toffee apple</p> <p><em>Image: Getty</em></p> <p dir="ltr"> </p>

Food & Wine

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Tips to cope with losing independence with age

<p>There are many fantastic things that come with getting older, but sadly there are also some not-so-welcome side effects. For many people, loss of independence is definitely the worst. In fact, a UK study found more people fear losing their self-sufficiency than death.</p> <p>Whether because of health issues, mobility problems or something else entirely, many elderly people can find themselves completely reliant on others in their old age. However, it’s important to help them understand that losing their independence doesn’t have to mean losing their quality of life.</p> <p>First of all, take some time to put yourself in their shoes and really understand what it’s like. Just like with any loss, coming to terms with the loss of self-sufficiency is a process. Many people feel afraid of their newfound vulnerability, angry at their situation, confused about how to move forward and even guilty at the thought of needing help. But it’s essential that even during this difficult transition period to encourage them not to isolate themselves.</p> <p><strong>Offer help in whatever way you can</strong></p> <p>Whether it’s driving them around, helping them with their groceries or just lending an ear, even the smallest deed can help make your loved one’s life a little easier. Understandably, many people who suddenly find themselves reliant of others can take a stubborn stance against accepting help.</p> <p>Instead of berating them, consider why they might be apprehensive to take a hand. Be patient and explain that you don’t pity them, but rather just want the best for them. If they constantly reject your offers, respect them.</p> <p><strong>Keep them busy</strong></p> <p>Contrary to what they may believe at first, losing their independence doesn’t mean being forced to stop doing what they love. Encourage your loved one to keep pursuing their passions (where possible), find new hobbies and maintain relationships with their family members and friends – after all, it’s the people around us who help us through hardship.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p>

Caring

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Top tips for growing tomatoes

<p>Nothing beats the flavour of home-grown tomatoes, so start your own crop today with our top tips for growing tasty tomatoes.</p> <p><strong>Don’t crowd seedlings –</strong> Crowded conditions inhabit growth so be sure to give your seedlings plenty of room. For each plant, prepare at least a 60 centimetre by 60 centimetre plot.</p> <p><strong>Prime location –</strong> Tomatoes need at least eight hours of direct sunlight daily and shelter from strong wind.</p> <p><strong>Plant a few varieties –</strong> There’s so many different types of tomatoes available so grow a few varieties. You’ll soon find that some types just suit your garden better, while others may be susceptible to disease.</p> <p><strong>Staking –</strong> This is essential for tall-growing varieties of tomatoes. Add the stake at planting time and as the plant grows, tie it to the stake. Use soft ties, such as old stockings rather than string. This trains your plant, keeps it stable, takes up less space, prevent damage from strong winds and escapes the adverse effects of damp soil.</p> <p><strong>Water well –</strong> Tomatoes need regular deep watering, especially during the warmer months. Even letting plants go thirsty for a few days will affect the quality of fruit. Water the soil, not the plant.</p> <p><strong>Inspect often –</strong> Check daily for signs of pest or diseases. Remove dead leaves, unwanted shoots and harvest anything that is ready.</p> <p><strong>Companion plant –</strong> Plant marigolds around tomatoes to reduce whitefly infestations. Or sacrifice some basil which will attract white flies away from your tomato. Garlic, nasturtiums or tagetes will repel aphids.</p> <p><strong>Pot plants –</strong> Tomatoes grown in pots are more likely to dry out than those in the ground. However, if that’s not possible, the small bush type do best in pots. Use a big pot and water well.</p> <p><strong>Yellowing leaves –</strong> Once tomato plants reach around a metre tall, the leaves at the bottom might turn yellow and die. This is normal so just snip them off.</p> <p><strong>When to give up –</strong> If there are many yellowing leaves and the plant on a whole looks unhealthy, it may have contracted a bacterial, fungal or virus disease. The plant generally won’t flourish now and it’s best to be pulled out and disposed of. Don’t attempt to grow tomatoes in the same spot for at least a couple of years.</p> <p><em>Image: Getty</em></p>

Home & Garden

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14 medicinal herbs you can grow in your backyard

<p><strong>Basil</strong></p> <p>This medicinal herb can help with flatulence, lack of appetite, cuts and scrapes. Harvest the young leaves of this annual plant as needed.</p> <p><strong>Chamomile</strong></p> <p>Use the flower heads of this medicinal herb for infusions and salves to relieve conditions such as indigestion and colic, anxiety and tension, and skin inflammations and irritations.</p> <p><strong>Echinacea</strong></p> <p>If you suffer from a cold or the flu, try this medicinal herb to ease the severity of your symptoms. It also helps provide relief to your immune system.</p> <p><strong>Feverfew</strong></p> <p>Use the leaves and flowers of this medicinal herb for teas; chew leaves to ease headache pain (including migraines). It’s also been shown to be one of the most effective natural remedies for arthritis, as well as a treatment for various skin conditions.</p> <p><strong>Wild pansy</strong></p> <p>With anti-inflammatory properties, this medicinal herb is a good home remedy for eczema and skin blemishes, as well as to help loosen phlegm.</p> <p><strong>Lavender</strong></p> <p>Is there anything lavender can’t do? Even smelling this medicinal herb has been shown to calm and relax. It also eases pain, and when applied to cuts and bruises functions as an antiseptic.</p> <p><strong>Lemon balm</strong></p> <p>A relative of mint, lemon balm is a versatile medicinal herb that helps relieve anxiety, insomnia, wounds, herpes, insect bites, flatulence and an upset stomach.</p> <p><strong>Marigold</strong></p> <p>Good for easing sunburn, acne, and blemishes, this medicinal herb also soothes ulcers and digestive problems.</p> <p><strong>Parsley</strong></p> <p>Don’t think of it as decorative on your plate; this medicinal herb is loaded with nutrients as well as healing powers to help with flatulence and bad breath.</p> <p><strong>Peppermint</strong></p> <p>If you have digestion issues or gas, sipping tea made of this medicinal herb might provide relief. It’s also been shown to help soothe headaches.</p> <p><strong>Rosemary</strong></p> <p>This medicinal herb helps memory and concentration, improves mood – and sweetens breath.</p> <p><strong>Sage</strong></p> <p>Sage’s genus name, Salvia, means “to heal,” reflecting its early use as a medicinal, not culinary, herb. It can help provide relief for mouth and throat inflammations.</p> <p><strong>Thyme</strong></p> <p>The active principle in thyme, thymol, is a strong antiseptic. If you suffer from coughs, congestion, indigestion or gas, consider using this medicinal herb.</p> <p><strong>St. John's wort</strong></p> <p>Talk to your doctor if you suffer from mild to moderate depression; she may suggest St. John’s wort. The glossy leaves and yellow flowers are this medicinal herb’s active parts.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/food-home-garden/14-medicinal-herbs-you-can-grow-in-your-backyard?pages=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Reader's Digest</a>. </em></p>

Home & Garden

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8 of the best things about growing old together

<p>Your skin might sag, your hair turn grey and you may not look like newlyweds, but there are so many reasons why growing old with the person you love is a blessing. Here are just eight reasons to count yourself lucky that you’ve become a wise old couple.</p> <p><strong>1. You get to watch a beautiful transformation happen before your eyes</strong></p> <p>You get to witness your beloved grow from the young girl and boy you fell in love with to the wise old woman and man you love even more than you thought possible.</p> <p><strong>2. You get to be a grandparent</strong></p> <p>As author Lois Wyse says, “If I had known how wonderful it would be to have grandchildren, I’d have had them first.” While parenting can be a lot of thankless work, grandparenting is all about the perks and spoils.</p> <p><strong>3. You know everything there is to know about the other person</strong></p> <p>After decades together, you know your partner inside out. It’s an intimate and deeply comforting knowledge that can only come with time.</p> <p><strong>4. You don’t argue over the small issues</strong></p> <p>You both know now not to argue over the small issues that aren’t important to the overall happiness of the relationships. There’s so many more important things to do and enjoy than fight and argue needlessly.</p> <p><strong>5. You both say what you mean</strong></p> <p>There’s no need to be coy when you’ve been with the same person for years – you’re direct, upfront and honest, and the relationship is the better for it.</p> <p><strong>6. You get to give relationship advice to young’uns</strong></p> <p>When you’ve been in a loving marriage for decades you have plenty of wisdom to pass onto to future generations – and you have the life experience to back it up.</p> <p><strong>7. You have someone with whom to share your dreams and losses</strong></p> <p>Your partner has always been there to help you through the trials and tribulations but just as importantly, to celebrate the triumphs and victories. You’ve both been through the journey called life, but luckily you were able to share all the experiences with your loved one.</p> <p><strong>8. You both know you made the right choice</strong></p> <p>When you’ve grown to a wise old couple, there’s no more wondering or doubts: it’s the ultimate affirmation that you made the right choice all those years ago.</p> <p><em>Image: Getty</em></p> <p><strong>Related links:</strong></p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><em><a href="http://www.oversixty.co.nz/lifestyle/relationships/2015/11/secrets-of-couples-who-stay-together-forever/">14 secrets of couples who stay together forever</a></em></strong></span></p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><em><a href="http://www.oversixty.co.nz/lifestyle/relationships/2015/11/why-people-cheat/">The two reasons people are unfaithful</a></em></strong></span></p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><em><a href="http://www.oversixty.co.nz/lifestyle/relationships/2015/11/helen-mirren-marries-later-in-life/">Helen Mirren encourages everyone to marry later in life</a></em></strong></span></p>

Relationships

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Fennel looking a bit feeble? Growing enough veggies to feed yourself depends on these 3 things

<div class="copy"> <p>Farming inside city boundaries is <a href="https://www.fao.org/urban-agriculture/en/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">on the rise</a> as countries become more urbanised and people seek to connect with the source of their food and improve their sustainability.</p> <p>But despite the productivity potential of home food gardens and the like, they are rarely analysed as serious farming systems. There’s little data, for example, on how much can be grown on an average suburban property.</p> <p>As climate change <a href="https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0217148" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">threatens</a> global food supplies, however, building sustainable urban food systems will be crucial.</p> <p>Our research has examined how productive the average home vegetable garden really is, and how to get the most from your patch.</p> <h2>Lawn with a side of salad?</h2> <p>Urban agriculture refers to growing produce and raising livestock inside a city’s boundary. In Australian cities, it might involve a home vegetable patch, community garden, backyard beehives, an edible rooftop garden on an apartment block, indoor hydroponics, a communal orchard and more.</p> <p>Sometimes, especially in developing countries, urban farming can help address issues such as poverty, unemployment and food insecurity.</p> <p>More broadly, it can increase access to healthy, fresh produce and lead to more sustainable food production. It can also help us save money and improve our well-being.</p> <p>Societies have traditionally lent on urban farming during times of stress. So it’s no surprise the practice resurged during the COVID pandemic. In Australia, keeping edible gardens significantly helped people maintain mental health during lowdown, <a href="https://sustain.org.au/projects/pandemic-gardening-survey-report/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">particularly</a> those on low incomes.</p> <p>But to what extent can we rely on our backyard gardens to meet all our fresh produce needs? Our research shows these three factors are key.</p> <h2>1. Give up some lawn</h2> <p>We <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.102770" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">looked at</a> the potential for food production at about 40,000 residential properties in suburban Adelaide – mostly free-standing homes.</p> <p>We calculated the amount of land required for a household of 2.5 people to grow the recommended five servings of vegetables per person each day. Then, using high-resolution aerial imagery to get a birds eye view of properties, we identified those with enough lawn area to make that happen.</p> <p>Some 21m² of lawn is needed to produce the recommended vegetable intake. In a scenario where a garden is high-yielding, this would require converting 23% of lawn area on a typical block into a vegetable patch. Of the properties modelled, 93% had the room to a create 21m² garden from the total lawn space.</p> <p>In a medium-yield garden, 72% of lawn on a typical block would need converting to produce enough vegetables to feed a household – equating to 67m².</p> <p>We limited the research to in-ground veggie production and didn’t include fruit trees. So a property’s potential to grow food would be even higher if food gardens or fruit trees already exist, or other garden beds or paved areas could be converted.</p> <h2>2. Up your gardening game</h2> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230232" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Research</a> out of Adelaide, which surveyed about 30 home gardeners, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.102770" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">found</a> yields per square metre ranged from 0.24kg to 16.07kg per year. This suggests a high rate of variability in home garden productivity – notwithstanding the fact people grow different crops.</p> <p>Not all of us have green thumbs and in some cases, your veggie patch might not yield as much as you hoped.</p> <p>Perhaps you gave it too much or too little water. Maybe you didn’t have time to pull out weeds or harvest produce. Pests and fungus might have struck down your crop. You may have planted the wrong seeds at the wrong time or just have poor soil.</p> <p>Our research suggests low-yield gardens would need 1,407m² of converted lawn to meet the vegetable needs of a household. However, less than 0.5% of properties in the analysed Adelaide sites had so much land. So to reach self-sufficiency in urban agriculture environments, medium to high yields are preferred.</p> <p>Skilled gardeners with high yields will need much less land. Given the space constraints in cities, upskilling gardeners is important to maximising production.</p> <h2>3. Know what’s in your soil</h2> <p>Good soil <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130808" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">is a key factor</a> in productive gardens. It needs a good structure (one that allows water and air to enter and drain easily, while retaining enough moisture) an ample supply of plant nutrients and a rich microbial community.</p> <p>In city areas, heavy metal contamination and pollution of soils can be a concern. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122900" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">We examined</a> soils at 12 urban agricultural sites in Adelaide, and found in all cases that metal concentrations did not exceed health guidelines for residential areas – even at sites with an industrial history.</p> <p>But this might not always be the case. An <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0045653518302467?via%3Dihub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">analysis</a> of residential and community gardens in Melbourne, for example, showed some soils were contaminated at levels which could pose a human health hazard. This highlights the importance of testing urban soils before planting.</p> <p>Proper management of inputs – particularly fertiliser – is also key. Our <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122900" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">research</a> has found urban gardeners can choose from a variety of organic waste-based fertilisers such as spent coffee grounds, food scraps or lawn clippings. But this abundance can lead to imbalances.</p> <p>In Adelaide, for example, the widespread use of freely available horse manure led to excessive phosphorous levels in almost all of the 12 tested sites. This imbalance can depress plant growth and damage the broader environment.</p> <h2>Helping city gardens flourish</h2> <p>Urban agriculture has been <a href="https://www.fial.com.au/urban-agriculture" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">identified</a> as a A$4 billion economic growth opportunity for Australia. However, suburban blocks are trending towards smaller yards with less growing space.</p> <p>Given the many benefits of urban farming, it’s time to think more seriously about maximising efficiency and scale.</p> <p>Community gardens are well placed for knowledge-sharing. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1809707115" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Research</a> on 13 community gardens in Sydney revealed they were very high-yield – around twice as productive than the typical Australian commercial vegetable farm.</p> <p>Funding for more community gardens, and other education opportunities for urban gardeners, would be a valuable investment in improving public health and sustainability.</p> <p>This should be coupled with policy and planning decisions designed to increase the amount of urban farming space in our cities.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em><!-- Start of tracking content syndication. Please do not remove this section as it allows us to keep track of republished articles --> <img id="cosmos-post-tracker" style="opacity: 0; height: 1px!important; width: 1px!important; border: 0!important; position: absolute!important; z-index: -1!important;" src="https://syndication.cosmosmagazine.com/?id=194567&amp;title=Fennel+looking+a+bit+feeble%3F+Growing+enough+veggies+to+feed+yourself+depends+on+these+3%26nbsp%3Bthings" width="1" height="1" /> <!-- End of tracking content syndication --></em></div> <div id="contributors"> <p><em>This article was originally published on <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/sustainability/global-food-crisis-garden/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">cosmosmagazine.com</a> and was written by The Conversation. </em></p> </div>

Home Hints & Tips

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Partnering up can help you grow as an individual

<p>It’s common to <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43747-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">want to become a better version of yourself</a>. Much like the desires to eat, drink and avoid harm, human beings also experience a fundamental need to learn, grow and improve – <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195398694.013.0005" target="_blank" rel="noopener">what psychologists call self-expansion</a>.</p> <p>Consider your favorite activities. Things like reading a book, spending time in nature, volunteering with a new organization, taking a class, traveling, trying a new restaurant, exercising or watching a documentary all broaden the self. Those experiences add new knowledge, skills, perspectives and identities. When who you are as a person expands, you enhance your competence and capabilities and increase your ability to meet new challenges and accomplish new goals.</p> <p>Of course, you can achieve self-expansion on your own by trying new and interesting activities (like playing Wordle), learning new things (like advancing through a language app) or working on a skill (like practicing meditation). Research confirms that <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2012.746999" target="_blank" rel="noopener">these kinds of activities help individuals expand themselves</a>, which encourages them to put forth more effort on subsequent challenging tasks.</p> <p>Interestingly, romantic relationships can also be a key source of growth for people. <a href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=v2ai_5wAAAAJ&amp;hl=en&amp;oi=ao" target="_blank" rel="noopener">As a relationship scientist</a> for over 20 years, I’ve studied the effects all kinds of romantic relationships can have on the self. Today’s modern couples hold high expectations for <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721415569274" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a partner’s role in one’s own self-development</a>.</p> <h2>Growing in your relationship</h2> <p>Falling in love feels good, and spending time with a romantic partner is enjoyable, but love’s benefits run even deeper. People tend to value partners who help them become a better version of themselves.</p> <p>One way to optimize self-growth in your relationship is by sharing in your partner’s unique interests and skills. When “me” becomes “we,” partners <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02399" target="_blank" rel="noopener">blend their self-concepts and include the other in the self</a>. That merging encourages partners to take on each other’s characteristics, quirks, interests and abilities to some extent. Romantic partners inevitably have different life experiences, knowledge bases, perspectives and skills. Each area is an opportunity for growth.</p> <p>For example, if your partner has a better sense of humor than you do, over time, yours will likely improve. If they have an eye for interior design, your ability to put together a room will evolve. A partner’s differing views on climate change, politics or religion will grant you new perspectives and a deeper understanding of those topics. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.60.2.241" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Your relationship helps you become a better person</a>.</p> <p>This isn’t to say that individuals should try to completely merge, running the risk of losing themselves. Rather, each person can maintain their own identity while augmenting it with desirable elements from their partner.</p> <h2>Relationship consequences of more or less</h2> <p>The science makes it abundantly clear that couples with <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195398694.013.0005" target="_blank" rel="noopener">more self-expansion are better relationships</a>. Specifically, people who report more self-expansion in their relationship also report more passionate love, relationship satisfaction and commitment. It’s also associated with <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407519875217" target="_blank" rel="noopener">more physical affection, greater sexual desire, less conflict and couples being happier with their sex life</a>.</p> <p>Because self-expansion is so critical, when expanding relationships end, participants describe <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6811.2006.00120.x" target="_blank" rel="noopener">feeling like they have lost a part of themselves</a>. Importantly, when less-expanding relationships break up, individuals <a href="https://youtu.be/Cw2qD87KDHc" target="_blank" rel="noopener">experience positive emotions and growth</a>.</p> <p>When a relationship provides insufficient expansion, it can feel like it’s stuck in a rut. That stagnant malaise has consequences. Research finds that married couples who at one point indicated more boredom in their current relationship also <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02332.x" target="_blank" rel="noopener">reported less marital satisfaction nine years later</a>. Insufficient relationship self-expansion also encourages people to have more of a wandering eye and <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407510382321" target="_blank" rel="noopener">pay more attention to alternative partners</a>, <a href="https://doi.org/10.3200/SOCP.146.4.389-403" target="_blank" rel="noopener">increases susceptibility to cheating on one’s partner</a>, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1037/pspi0000148" target="_blank" rel="noopener">lowers sexual desire</a> and comes with a <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407518768079" target="_blank" rel="noopener">greater likelihood of breakup</a>.</p> <h2>How does your relationship measure up?</h2> <p>Maybe you’re now wondering how your own relationship is doing on this front. To provide some insight, <a href="https://www.garylewandowski.com/post/sustainable-marriage-quiz" target="_blank" rel="noopener">I created the Sustainable Marriage Quiz</a>. On a scale from 1 to 7, with 1 being “very little” and 7 being “very much,” answer these questions:</p> <ol> <li>How much does being with your partner result in you having new experiences?</li> <li>When you are with your partner, do you feel a greater awareness of things because of them?</li> <li>How much does your partner increase your ability to accomplish new things?</li> <li>How much does your partner help to expand your sense of the kind of person you are?</li> <li>How much do you see your partner as a way to expand your own capabilities?</li> <li>How much do your partner’s strengths as a person (skills, abilities, etc.) compensate for some of your own weaknesses as a person?</li> <li>How much do you feel that you have a larger perspective on things because of your partner?</li> <li>How much has being with your partner resulted in your learning new things?</li> <li>How much has knowing your partner made you a better person?</li> <li>How much does your partner increase your knowledge?</li> </ol> <p>Before adding up your score, know that these categories are generalizations. They suggest where your relationship may need attention, but also where it’s already strong. Relationships are complicated, so you should see your score for what it is: one small piece of the puzzle about what makes your relationship work.</p> <ul> <li>60 and above – Highly Expansive. Your relationship provides lots of new experiences and helps you reach new goals. As a result, you likely have a more fulfilling and sustainable relationship.</li> <li>45 to 60 – Moderately Expanding. Your relationship has produced some new experiences and additions to your self-concept, but you have some room for improvement.</li> <li>Below 45 — Low Expansion. Currently your relationship isn’t creating many opportunities to increase your knowledge or enhance you. Consequently you likely aren’t improving yourself as much as you could. Consider making an effort to seek out more new and interesting experiences with your partner. You may even rethink if this is the right partner for you.</li> </ul> <p>What makes a relationship great? While there are many factors to consider, one area deserves more attention: how much it helps you grow. A relationship that fosters self-expansion will make you want to be a better person, help you increase your knowledge, build your skills, enhance your capabilities and broaden your perspectives.</p> <p><em><strong><span id="docs-internal-guid-24fa7452-7fff-d5e1-03f9-ba0a33c17793">This article originally appeared on <a href="https://theconversation.com/partnering-up-can-help-you-grow-as-an-individual-heres-the-psychology-of-a-romantic-relationship-that-expands-the-self-175422" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Conversation.</a></span></strong></em></p> <p><em>Image: Shutterstock</em></p>

Relationships

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The fastest-growing tourism destinations in the world

<p>While for now, many of us can still only entertain the thought of overseas travel, as more and more people get vaccinated we can start to dream of travelling again sometime in the not-too-distant future.</p> <p>These are the destinations that have been booming – some will astound you!</p> <p><strong>Palestinian territories – up 58 percent</strong></p> <p>An unlikely front-runner, the Palestinian territories consisting of the West Bank, East Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip saw a strong surge in tourism over the past year.</p> <p>The spike was (at least partly) driven by the opening of the Walled Off Hotel in Bethlehem, which flaunts rooms customised by the likes of Banksy, Sami Musa and Dominique Petrin. Other attractions include numerous historically significant archaeological, historical and religious sites.</p> <p><strong>Egypt - up 51 percent</strong></p> <p>Given that political unrest and terror attacks continue to plague Egypt – not to mention UK and Russian flight bans – it may come as a surprise that it made the list.</p> <p>From the Nile (the world’s second longest river) and colossal Pyramids of Giza to the trove of antiquities at the Egyptian Museum and the beach resorts of Sharm El Sheikh, the lure of the land has globe-trotters taking the risk.</p> <p><strong>Northern Mariana Islands – up 37 percent</strong></p> <p>The Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands is a 15-island archipelago in the western Pacific Ocean. Travellers are flocking to this paradise of sunny skies, powdery sand, crystal-clear waters, coral reefs and mountains.</p> <p>Experts attribute the uptick in tourism to the Marianas Visitors Authority’s 2017 marketing campaign “Paradise for Everyone” as well as the TV series <em>Game of Thrones</em>, which was filmed on the island.</p> <p><strong>Iceland - up 35 percent</strong></p> <p>Situated on the southern edge of the Arctic Circle, Iceland is known for its majestic terrain – volcanoes, glaciers, turquoise lagoons, lava fields, thermal hot springs, black sand beaches and waterfalls.</p> <p>Beyond the allure of its natural scenery, the recent rise in tourism has been further bolstered by Icelandair Stopover, a policy that allows passengers flying across the Atlantic to explore the Nordic island nation for up to seven nights at no additional airfare cost.</p> <p><strong>Tunisia - up 33 percent</strong></p> <p>Tunisia’s Mediterranean coast, cosmopolitan capital, and ancient ruins of Carthage have attracted visitors since the 1960s.</p> <p>But after 2015 terror attacks, travel decreased significantly. Now, the North African nation is rebounding – triggering a much-needed boost for the crippled tourism industry.</p> <p><strong>Vietnam - up 31 percent</strong></p> <p>With its bamboo forests, terraced rice fields, golden shores, bustling cities and rich culture, it’s no wonder Vietnam is gaining notoriety as a top holiday destination in Southeast Asia. The 1,000-mile long North-South Railway – often referred to as the Reunification Express – takes passengers on a picturesque route from Hanoi in the north to Ho Chi Minh City in the south.</p> <p>Vietnam is also emerging as an epicurean hot spot with a diversity of authentic dishes. The best places to sample local cuisine? Traditional open-air markets and street food stalls located throughout the country.</p> <p><strong>Uruguay - up 30 percent</strong></p> <p>Bordered by Argentina, Brazil, Río de la Plata and the Atlantic Ocean, Uruguay is defined by its temperate climate, lush inland landscape, and sandy shores – from the colourful capital of Montevideo to popular resort town of Punta del Este.</p> <p>Political stability, economic development and affordability add to its appeal. Plus, Uruguay is one of only two South American countries not affected by Zika.</p> <p><strong>Nicaragua - up 28 percent</strong></p> <p>Nestled between the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, Nicaragua is blessed with a bounty of lakes, volcanoes, beaches and islands.</p> <p>Thanks to its year-round warm weather, the Central American nation is also making an impression on jet-setters looking to escape the cold. Best of all, it’s also ultra-affordable, meaning you can travel in first-class style for cheap – and there are even more deals during the off-season.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/travel/destinations/the-fastest-growing-tourism-destinations-in-the-world" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Reader's Digest</a>.</em></p>

International Travel

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Readers respond: What is the best thing about growing older?

<p dir="ltr">We asked our readers to tell us the best thing about growing up and your responses were surprising. </p> <p dir="ltr">From simply being alive and healthy to see another day, to spending more time with the family and great grandchildren, here are just a few of your amazing responses.</p> <p dir="ltr">Barbara Damp - Not being worried about what other people think of you!</p> <p dir="ltr">Jennifer Waldron - Just waking up each day and knowing you are alive! Then enjoying that day.</p> <p dir="ltr">Bernadette Foley - Freedom to do what you want, freedom to spend quality time with family and friends and finally freedom to be happy with your life because of the choices you have made!!</p> <p dir="ltr">Jean Kavanagh - Experience, also at my nursing home, all meals provided, no dishes, feet up, even bed making, although I do my own washing, I also do mine.</p> <p dir="ltr">Susan Graham - Retrospectively every age is an adventurous journey that you just get better at navigating.</p> <p dir="ltr">Sherrill Fletcher Brock - Freedom to do as you choose.</p> <p dir="ltr">Narain Lodha - Old age is for relaxation, rest and retrospection.</p> <p dir="ltr">Thomas Gadsden - Maybe just being realistic, about the future!</p> <p dir="ltr">Johanna Shakes - Doing whatever you want and having the knowledge to do it!!!!</p> <p dir="ltr">Vanessa Maloy - Wearing sleeveless tops and dresses and not caring if my bat wings wobble or not wearing make up if I don't feel like it.</p> <p dir="ltr">To leave a memory of your own, or to check out more of the inspiring responses head <a href="https://www.facebook.com/oversixtys/posts/3342111996019063" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a>.</p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image: Shutterstock</em></p>

Retirement Life

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7 savvy ways to grow your wealth

<p dir="ltr">You don’t need to start with a fortune to grow wealth – but you do need good foundations on which to build. From where you get investment ideas to how you manage your taxes, it is the little things that add up to quickly grow wealth.</p> <p dir="ltr">Lay the groundwork with these easy-to-implement tips:</p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>1. Start early </strong></p> <p dir="ltr">The longer your investments have to grow, the more wealth you should accumulate.</p> <p dir="ltr">That’s thanks to a combination of value growth over time and the compound effect of reinvesting profits and dividends. So start investing now.</p> <p dir="ltr">Additionally, good habits formed early are more likely to become ingrained.</p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>2. Create a savings and investments plan </strong></p> <p dir="ltr">I hate the word ‘budget’ – it’s the financial equivalent of a diet. A savings and investments plan both sounds nicer and is more encompassing.</p> <p dir="ltr">This plan gives you visibility over your incomings and outgoings, your assets, and liabilities. Then you can determine if debts are being paid down as fast as possible and whether any surplus funds are being invested prudently.</p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>3. Have an emergency fund </strong></p> <p dir="ltr">This might seem counter-intuitive – squirrel money away that you could be used to invest and grow your wealth.</p> <p dir="ltr">But having available cash should disaster unexpectedly strike – such as redundancy, illness, even another pandemic – means you won’t have to sell assets to make ends meet.</p> <p dir="ltr">Forced sales may generate below fair value for a quick result or occur at a low point in the investment cycle. Plus, that asset and its growth potential are gone for good.</p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>4. Reduce your tax bill</strong> <strong> </strong></p> <p dir="ltr">No one likes paying taxes. Surprisingly, though, many people pay more than they need to.</p> <p dir="ltr">Avoid under-declaring your deductions: good record-keeping will help you claim your rightful deductions, such as for donations, investment expenses, business costs, and even financial advice fees.</p> <p dir="ltr">Embrace legitimate tax breaks: for instance, spousal super contributions and certain investment structures (like family trusts) can be used to cut your income tax or get taxed at a lower rate.</p> <p dir="ltr">Look at the calendar: Which financial year you sell an asset or claim a benefit can affect your tax liability.</p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>5. Invest wisely </strong></p> <p dir="ltr">A gung-ho approach to investing can be a costly mistake, so invest wisely. If something seems too good to be true, it probably is.</p> <p dir="ltr">Only invest what you can afford to lose – while the aim is for investments to grow in value, you shouldn’t be left destitute if things go pear-shaped.</p> <p dir="ltr">Have a clear exit strategy – know when and how you will sell to maximise your returns, keep costs down and minimise your tax on the profits.</p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>6. Get good advice </strong></p> <p dir="ltr">Your father, sister, friend, or hairdresser may mean well, but unless they are qualified to give advice, you could be making a mistake.</p> <p dir="ltr">Money matters are complicated and most people simply don’t know what they need to know. Plus, everyone’s circumstances are different – so what worked for dad, Julie, Tom, or Bev might not be beneficial for you.</p> <p dir="ltr">Just as you want medical advice from a doctor, seek advice about money from those qualified and registered to give it: your financial adviser, tax accountant, estates solicitor, and mortgage or insurance broker. Chances are the cost of that advice is far less than you stand to lose through an avoidable mistake.</p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>7. Invest in you </strong></p> <p dir="ltr">You are an asset that, when in tip top condition, can deliver a solid return on investment.</p> <p dir="ltr">Invest in education and training: gaining extra qualifications and skills allows you to boost your earning potential.</p> <p dir="ltr">Invest in your wellbeing: Good mental health equals wiser decision-making, better productivity, and hence more room to grow your income.</p> <p dir="ltr">Invest in your health: Good health means lower healthcare costs, fewer lost work hours and cheaper life and disability insurances. Not to mention a longer lifespan allows you to enjoy the fruits of your wealth-building efforts!</p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>Helen Baker is a licensed Australian financial adviser and author of the new book, On Your Own Two Feet: The Essential Guide to Financial Independence for all Women (Ventura Press,</strong></p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>$32.99). Helen is among the 1% of financial planners who hold a master’s degree in the field. Proceeds from book sales are donated to charities supporting disadvantaged women and children. Find out more at www.onyourowntwofeet.com.au </strong></p> <p><em><span id="docs-internal-guid-09db139f-7fff-cae5-9a26-0d2483c45735"> Image: Shutterstock</span></em></p>

Money & Banking

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