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Biggest change to public holiday in 70 years

<p> 2023 is marking history as the Queen’s Birthday public holiday will now be recognised as the King’s Birthday – a change not seen in 70 years – and one that will likely remain for at least the next two generations of monarchs.</p> <p>The name change follows the ascension of King Charles III to the throne after the death of Australia’s longest reigning monarch, Queen Elizabeth II.</p> <p>Despite the King’s birthday being November 14, most Aussie states celebrate the monarch’s birthday as a public holiday on the second Monday of June, in line with British celebrations.</p> <p>The King’s birthday will be observed on June 12 in South Australia, NSW, Victoria, Tasmania, the ACT and the Northern territory.</p> <p>For Queenslanders, the public holiday falls on the first Monday of October, which in 2023 will be October 2.</p> <p>As Western Australia celebrates Western Australia Day on the first Monday of June, it will observe the King’s birthday in September in an effort to spread out its public holidays.</p> <p>For WA, it will fall on Monday, September 25.</p> <p>Aside from a legislative amendment made to the states’ respective Public Holiday Acts to change the name, the day will remain the same in practice.</p> <p>Most Australians have only ever known the public holiday as the Queen’s Birthday, with Queen Elizabeth II reigning as monarch for 70 years, taking the throne in 1952 at just 25.</p> <p>Charles, however, became the oldest monarch to take the British throne at 73.</p> <p>The tradition of celebrating the sovereign’s birthday in June began with George II in 1748. He deemed November, his actual birth month, was too cold for a celebratory parade.</p> <p>During the reign of Edward, VII, also born in November, the standardisation of official summer birthdays was implemented.</p> <p>Compared to other public holidays such as Good Friday and Boxing Day, most businesses will remain open, although some with reduced trading hours.</p> <p><em>Image credit: Getty</em></p>

Domestic Travel

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A new monarch who is a divorcee would once have scandalised. But Charles’ accession shows how much has changed

<p>King Charles III is the first British monarch who has previously had a civil marriage and a civil divorce.</p> <p>In 1981, Charles, then the Prince of Wales, <a href="https://www.bbc.com/historyofthebbc/anniversaries/july/wedding-of-prince-charles-and-lady-diana-spencer">married Lady Diana Spencer</a> in a fairytale wedding watched by 750 million people worldwide.</p> <p>However, the royal couple <a href="https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/1992-12-09/debates/ecfacae4-f52c-461c-b253-d7c04a299735/PrinceAndPrincessOfWales">separated in 1992</a> and they were <a href="http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9608/28/royal.divorce/decree/">divorced in 1996</a>. The marriage had spectacularly broken down.</p> <p>Charles later went on to marry his long-time love interest Camilla Parker-Bowles. They married in a civil ceremony in 2005. This broke with the tradition of royal family members getting married in an Anglican church ceremony.</p> <p>The extramarital relationship of Charles and Camilla prevented them from being remarried in church. But there was a subsequent <a href="https://www.townandcountrymag.com/society/tradition/g19135643/prince-charles-camilla-wedding-photos/">service of prayer and dedication</a>. Queen Elizabeth II <a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/4289225.stm">declined to attend the wedding</a>, reportedly because it conflicted with her role to uphold the Christian faith as supreme governor of the Church of England.</p> <p>The accession of Charles to the throne is not only politically significant, but also carries religious importance. Charles is the “<a href="https://theconversation.com/king-charles-defender-of-faith-what-the-monarchys-long-relationship-with-religion-may-look-like-under-the-new-sovereign-190766">defender of the faith</a>” and the supreme governor. Charles’ status as a divorcee puts him at odds with his religious roles.</p> <h2>Royal divorces</h2> <p><a href="https://www.history.com/news/henry-viii-wives">King Henry VIII</a> was infamous for having six wives in the 16th century. He annulled his first marriage to Catherine of Aragon. This meant the marriage was never legally valid to begin with.</p> <p><a href="https://archives.blog.parliament.uk/2020/06/02/the-queen-caroline-affair/">King George IV</a> was almost successful in divorcing his wife Queen Caroline in 1820. At the time, divorce could only be granted by Act of Parliament. The trial took place in the House of Lords. The king accused his wife of committing adultery as grounds for divorce. However, Prime Minister Lord Liverpool eventually withdrew the divorce bill due to political pressure.</p> <p><a href="https://www.royal.uk/edward-viii">King Edward VIII</a> was forced to abdicate in 1936 because he wanted to marry an American divorcee Wallis Simpson. This conflicted with his role as supreme governor.</p> <p>While Charles was in a similar position to his great-uncle in his marriage to Camilla, they lived in different worlds. The Conservative government and the Church of England simply could not tolerate Edward’s marriage to a divorcee. It was viewed as an affront to morality. </p> <p>Similarly, <a href="https://www.townandcountrymag.com/society/tradition/news/a8139/princess-margaret-peter-townsend-love-affair/">Princess Margaret</a> was pressured to not marry the divorcee Group Captain Peter Townsend. As the sister of the queen, the marriage would have been scandalous in some circles.</p> <p>Queen Elizabeth called 1992 the “<a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-12-22/2021-could-be-queen-elizabeth-ii-second-annus-horibilis/100643696">annus horribilis</a>” (horrible year) for the royal family. Her three children Prince Charles, Princess Anne and Prince Andrew’s marriages had all broken down. Divorce by then had become increasingly acceptable in society.</p> <h2>Royal civil marriage</h2> <p>Charles had to seek his mother’s permission to marry Camilla. The <a href="https://www.legislation.gov.uk/apgb/Geo3/12/11/1991-02-01?view=extent">Royal Marriages Act 1772</a> stipulated that all descendants of King George II were required to seek the consent of the sovereign to marry. </p> <p>This law was repealed in 2013. Only the <a href="https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2013/20/enacted">first six persons</a> in the line of succession now have to seek the sovereign’s permission to marry.</p> <p>There was controversy at the time whether a member of the royal family could legally marry in a civil ceremony. The <a href="https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/transformingsociety/private-lives/relationships/overview/lawofmarriage-/">Marriage Act 1836</a> permitted civil marriages. But the law stated this did not apply to members of the royal family.</p> <p>The British government released a <a href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200405/ldhansrd/vo050224/text/50224-51.htm#50224-51_head0">statement</a> declaring Charles could legally enter into a civil marriage. The view was the Marriage Act 1949 had repealed the previous legislation. The government also argued there was a right to marry under the Human Rights Act 1998 and the European Convention on Human Rights.</p> <p>The civil marriage of Charles and Camilla symbolised the changing values of society. The view of marriage had shifted from a moral commitment to a celebratory union. This marked the modernisation of the monarchy over tradition.</p> <h2>A modern monarchy</h2> <p>The accession of a divorcee as king a generation earlier would have been unpalatable to many. But Charles embodies the modern character of monarchy and the liberal values of wider society.</p> <p>Charles has recently <a href="https://www.royal.uk/kings-remarks-faith-leaders">affirmed</a> his commitment to Anglican Christianity. This is an acknowledgement of his constitutional role in the <a href="https://www.royal.uk/act-settlement-0#:%7E:text=The%20Act%20of%20Settlement%20of,succession%20for%20Mary%20II's%20heirs.">Act of Settlement 1701</a>. Only Protestant Christians can claim succession to the crown. </p> <p>It also affirms his role as nominal ruler of the Church of England. The monarch still <a href="https://www.churchofengland.org/about/leadership-and-governance">appoints bishops</a> on the advice of the prime minister. Anglicanism is the official state religion of England.</p> <p>Yet Charles is also pushing for a modern monarchy. He has viewed himself as a <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/sep/09/king-charles-to-be-defender-of-the-faith-but-also-a-defender-of-faiths">defender of diversity</a>. Upholding a space for multifaith practice and expression of secular ideals form part of the agenda of his reign.</p> <p>The monarchy faces a tension between modernity and tradition. As a divorced and remarried monarch, Charles III represents the reinvention of the crown, an ancient institution that seeks to embrace its role in a multicultural, religiously diverse and more open and tolerant society.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://theconversation.com/a-new-monarch-who-is-a-divorcee-would-once-have-scandalised-but-charles-accession-shows-how-much-has-changed-204544" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Conversation</a>. </em></p>

Relationships

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Queen's official death certificate released

<p dir="ltr">Queen Elizabeth’s official death certificate has been released citing that the late monarch died of old age.</p> <p dir="ltr">The UK’s longest reigning monarch died at the age of 96 on September 8 at Balmoral Castle in Scotland. </p> <p dir="ltr">The National Records of Scotland released the Queen’s official death certificate which stated that she “died of old age at 3.10pm”. </p> <p dir="ltr">It was the same cause of death as on her husband Prince Philip's death certificate.</p> <p dir="ltr">Their daughter, Princess Anne was labelled as the “informant” on the document and would have notified the local registrar of her mother's death.</p> <p dir="ltr">She also previously revealed that she was with the Queen in her <a href="https://oversixty.com.au/lifestyle/family-pets/princess-anne-gives-touching-insight-into-queen-s-final-hours" target="_blank" rel="noopener">last 24 hours</a>. </p> <p dir="ltr">“I was fortunate to share the last 24 hours of my dearest Mother’s life,” Princess Anne’s statement read.</p> <p dir="ltr">“It has been an honour and a privilege to accompany her on her final journeys. Witnessing the love and respect shown by so many on these journeys has been both humbling and uplifting.”</p> <p dir="ltr">Despite all this, the death certificate also indicated that the Queen passed away before her children and great-grandchildren could reach her side. </p> <p dir="ltr">Prince William, Prince Andrew, Prince Edward and his wife, Sophie Countess of Wessex, were on their way to the Queen about 2.39pm but they landed an hour later. </p> <p dir="ltr">Prince Harry made his own way to Scotland on a jet from Luton, only after his grandmother died. </p> <p dir="ltr">He landed in Aberdeen at 6.46pm, 16 minutes after the Palace made its announcement, and then arrived at Balmoral at 7.52pm, almost five hours after she died.</p> <p dir="ltr">Controversially, royal expert Lady Colin Campbell <a href="https://www.oversixty.com.au/health/caring/royal-biographer-hints-at-queen-s-cause-of-death" target="_blank" rel="noopener">claimed the Queen</a> was suffering from a “relatively painless” but “invariably fatal” condition, before announcing her death 90 minutes before Buckingham Palace.</p> <p dir="ltr">Queen Elizabeth was buried on September 19 at King George VI Memorial Chapel in St George's Chapel.</p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image: Getty</em></p>

Caring

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National Day of Mourning brings anti-monarchy activists to the streets

<p>While many Australians were mourning the death of Queen Elizabeth on the specially appointed public holiday, anti-monarchy activists took to the streets to celebrate the end of her reign.</p> <p>With protests taking place in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane and Adelaide, activists declared "I'm glad the b**** is dead" just hours after Prime Minister Anthony Albanese paid affectionate tribute to the deceased monarch on the country’s National Day of Mourning.</p> <p>Several hundred demonstrators gathered on the steps of Sydney's Town Hall to protest the institution of the royal family and call for an Australian republic, Indigenous sovereignty, a treaty with Aboriginal Australians, and reparations for past wrongs.</p> <p>Under heavy police presence, speakers listed demands and grievances against British monarchs going back to Queen Victoria.</p> <p>Many of the speeches were heavily laced with profanity and declarations such as “f*** the royal family.”</p> <p>One speaker enthusiastically sang, “If you’re happy that she’s dead, clap your hands!”</p> <p>Signs reading “Sovereignty never ceded” and “It’s Aboriginal land” were seen throughout the crowd.</p> <p>Despite the strong anti-monarchy rhetoric, a small group of counter-protestors showed up to show their support for the late Queen and the monarchy.</p> <p>While their counter was peaceful, they were asked to move by police who said they feared inflaming a “tense situation”.</p> <p>Dana Pham, 34, a self-described constitutional monarchist whose parents emigrated as refugees from Vietnam, stood to one side holding a portrait of the late Queen.</p> <p>“I like everyone else want to see the gap closed,” she said.</p> <p>“Obviously there are a lot of issues affecting Aboriginal communities, but … the twisting of history does nobody any favours,” she said.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p>

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Solemnity and celebration: how political cartoonists have handled the death of a monarch, from Victoria to Elizabeth II

<p>It sounds very familiar – a well-respected monarch dies, and a radical, left-leaning, Antipodean cartoonist struggles to find the right tone to commemorate the event. </p> <p>He is torn between his distaste for what he sees as the archaic, pre-modern institution of monarchy, and the undoubted personal quality of the late incumbent. </p> <p>More used to poking fun at the great and good, or attacking governments for their weak-willed or wrong-headed policies, changing tone to reverence and respect is difficult. </p> <p>But in the end, he manages to strike a very good balance and produce a memorable cartoon.</p> <p>The well-respected monarch was George VI; the radical, left-leaning, Antipodean cartoonist was <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Low_(cartoonist)">David Low</a>; and the year was 1952. With <a href="https://archive.cartoons.ac.uk/Record.aspx?src=CalmView.Catalog&amp;id=LSE8008">From One Man to Another</a>, Low not only conveyed his own respects, man-to-man, but imagined also the British workman, his hat in his hand and sleeves rolled-up, casting a humble bunch of flowers towards a mighty tombstone labelled “The Gentlest of the Georges”. </p> <p>This was an expression of democratic – even socialist – sensibility, in an age when monarchy seemed, to many, to be increasingly out-of-step with the advance of modernity and the inexorable march of post-war history.</p> <p>Low was compelled to look back, not forward, conscious he had an historic role to fulfil in commemorating the passing of the king who had embodied so much of the stolid, British pluck and humility during the second world war. </p> <p>He reflected <a href="https://archive.org/details/lowsautobiograph017633mbp/page/n225/mode/2up">in his 1956 autobiography</a> that he hated the old-fashioned, “The Nation Mourns”-style of Victorian cartoon, but it was to that set of images and traditions that he turned.</p> <h2>A long lineage</h2> <p>Cartoonists have had to do something similar in 2022, with the death of Queen Elizabeth II. </p> <p>In the United Kingdom, the likes of <a href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/peter-brookes-times-cartoon-september-9-2022-vzfhf606t">Peter Brookes</a>, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/picture/2022/sep/08/ben-jennings-on-the-death-of-the-queen-cartoon">Ben Jennings</a> and <a href="https://twitter.com/Adamstoon1/status/1567968191934271489">Christian Adams</a> have all been conscious of the need for solemnity, as well as celebration.</p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"> <p dir="ltr" lang="cy"><a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/QueenElizabeth?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#QueenElizabeth</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/QueenElizabethII?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#QueenElizabethII</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/queen?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#queen</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Queen?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Queen</a> Elizabeth II <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Rest?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Rest</a> In Peace <a href="https://twitter.com/EveningStandard?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@EveningStandard</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/cartoon?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#cartoon</a> <a href="https://t.co/bzEcwRlaEb">pic.twitter.com/bzEcwRlaEb</a></p> <p>— Christian Adams (@Adamstoon1) <a href="https://twitter.com/Adamstoon1/status/1567968191934271489?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">September 8, 2022</a></p></blockquote> <p>Across the world, cartoonists have had to struggle with much the same thing, and some favoured themes are already apparent: <a href="https://www.electriccitymagazine.ca/touching-cartoon-salute-depicting-the-queen-reuniting-with-prince-philip-and-paddington-bear/">Elizabeth reunited</a> with her husband, the Duke of Edinburgh, or troops of <a href="https://twitter.com/BennettCartoons/status/1568017878225682433">sad corgis</a>; the Union Flag with an Elizabeth II-shaped hole at the centre; or a tube train with a sole occupant heading into a blaze of light at the end of the tunnel.</p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"> <p dir="ltr" lang="cy">9/9/2022- Queen Elizabeth II <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Elizabeth?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Elizabeth</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/ElizabethII?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#ElizabethII</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/QueenElizabeth?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#QueenElizabeth</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/RestInPeace?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#RestInPeace</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/RestInPeaceQueenElizabeth?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#RestInPeaceQueenElizabeth</a> <a href="https://t.co/evcXLHfcgm">https://t.co/evcXLHfcgm</a> <a href="https://t.co/wg7B9k7WSW">pic.twitter.com/wg7B9k7WSW</a></p> <p>— Clay Bennett (@BennettCartoons) <a href="https://twitter.com/BennettCartoons/status/1568017878225682433?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">September 8, 2022</a></p></blockquote> <p>All of these images speak to the style and the visual language of today, but also share a lineage several centuries old. </p> <h2>A bereaved widow, again</h2> <p>Nobody would have thought to depict Queen Victoria’s death in 1901 with her travelling to heaven by tube, although the Underground seems emblematic of her age (London’s first underground railway was <a href="https://tfl.gov.uk/corporate/about-tfl/culture-and-heritage/londons-transport-a-history/london-underground/a-brief-history-of-the-underground">opened in January 1863</a>, 26 years into Victoria’s reign). </p> <p>There were no sad corgis (that breed only became associated with the Royal Family <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-09-12/queen-elizabeth-ii-loved-corgi-dogs-throughout-her-life/101428106">from the 1930s</a>), but a downcast British Lion was imagined by Francis Carruthers Gould in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fun_(magazine)">Fun</a>.</p> <p>The theme of a bereaved widow finally reunited with her spouse is clearly a parallel (Albert, the Prince Consort had died in 1861). So too is the very idea that a cartoonist should commemorate the event – something unthinkable when William IV died in 1837, or so much so when George IV died in 1830 that a well-known cartoonist <a href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1882-1209-677">never published his draft sketch</a>.</p> <p>The sheer immensity of the loss of Victoria called for some pretty special treatment, at a time when cartooning was a lot more formal and respectable than it is today. </p> <p>It preoccupied several days’ work for Linley Sambourne, chief cartoonist of London’s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punch_(magazine)">Punch</a> (for a while, a magazine that was almost as much a British institution as the monarchy).</p> <p>Requiescat was huge: a double-page spread in sombre black-and-white, depicting a gaggle of goddesses in mourning for their lost monarch. </p> <p>Allegorical female figures representing countries were all the rage in Victorian and Edwardian cartooning (something David Low also hated and thought was “moth-eaten” by the time he was at his peak). </p> <p>England, Scotland, Wales, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and India were all included by Sambourne. </p> <p>Just one goddess was enough for his junior colleague, Bernard Partridge, who imagined <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clio">Clio</a> – History herself – adding the name of Victoria to the roll of great monarchs.</p> <p>It was the same when Victoria’s son and heir, Edward VII, died in May, 1910. </p> <p>Bernard Partridge went with just two figures, rather than a whole host, imagining a weeping Britannia seated before the empty Coronation Chair, an angel of peace reaching out to touch her shoulder.</p> <p>This was designed to express “an empire’s grief” in terms even more explicit than Sambourne had done with Victoria, but the imagery was very British; even domestic. </p> <p>Minus the caption, it could almost be recycled in 2022 - crucially, the monarch does not actually appear. So too, Partridge’s offering in January 1936, when George V died (apparently by the <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/mar/29/king-george-v-was-murdered-not-euthanised">hand of his doctor</a>).</p> <p>Britannia tolling a bell from a medieval bell-tower, with a fog-laden London skyline in the background. Clear the fog, add a Gherkin and a Shard, and the effect would be much the same.</p> <p>While David Low struggled against the Victorian style of memorial cartoon, it is still very much with us. As so often, cartoons can encapsulate a whole host of feelings that mere words can’t express.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Twitter @toonsbystellina</em></p> <p><em>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://theconversation.com/solemnity-and-celebration-how-political-cartoonists-have-handled-the-death-of-a-monarch-from-victoria-to-elizabeth-ii-190338" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Conversation</a>. </em></p>

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Queen Elizabeth passed away peacefully at 96

<p dir="ltr">Queen Elizabeth II has passed away peacefully at the age of 96. </p> <p dir="ltr">The monarch was under medical supervision due to her deteriorating health but unfortunately died at Balmoral Castle in Scotland on September 8 at 8.30 pm local time (3.30 am AEDT).</p> <p dir="ltr">“The Queen died peacefully at Balmoral this afternoon,” The Royal Family tweeted.</p> <p dir="ltr">“The King and The Queen Consort will remain at Balmoral this evening and will return to London tomorrow.”</p> <p dir="ltr">The public was notified of her death through the traditional form of a formal message placed on an easel on the railings outside the Palace.</p> <p dir="ltr">Charles soon after ascended the throne following his mother’s death and released a statement speaking about her long reign. </p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"> <p dir="ltr" lang="en">The Queen died peacefully at Balmoral this afternoon.</p> <p>The King and The Queen Consort will remain at Balmoral this evening and will return to London tomorrow. <a href="https://t.co/VfxpXro22W">pic.twitter.com/VfxpXro22W</a></p> <p>— The Royal Family (@RoyalFamily) <a href="https://twitter.com/RoyalFamily/status/1567928275913121792?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">September 8, 2022</a></p></blockquote> <p dir="ltr">“The death of my beloved Mother, Her Majesty The Queen, is a moment of the greatest sadness for me and all members of my family,” His Majesty said.</p> <p dir="ltr">“We mourn profoundly the passing of a cherished Sovereign and a much-loved Mother. I know her loss will be deeply felt throughout the country, the Realms and the Commonwealth, and by countless people around the world.</p> <p dir="ltr">“During this period of mourning and change, my family and I will be comforted and sustained by our knowledge of the respect and deep affection in which The Queen was so widely held.“</p> <p dir="ltr">Following the devastating news, crowds broke into a solemn rendition of “God Save The Queen”, while flags outside the Palace were lowered to half mast.</p> <p dir="ltr">It is understood that Queen Elizabeth’s body will be taken from Balmoral to Edinburgh on Friday morning UK time, before beginning the journey south to London.</p> <p dir="ltr">There will also be a 10 day mourning period where the Queen’s coffin will lie in state at Westminster Abbey for the public to pay their respects for 23-hours a day.</p> <p dir="ltr">Following the 10 days of mourning, the Queen will be given a full state funeral, led by the Archbishop of Canterbury. </p> <p dir="ltr">During this time 10 pallbearers will practice carrying her coffin as members of the royal family are buried in lead-lined coffins.</p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Images: The Royal Family/Twitter</em></p>

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43 vintage photos of Queen Elizabeth II before she became Queen

<p>Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II was the United Kingdom's longest reigning monarch, having ascended the throne in 1952 at age 25. Following the sad news of her passing at the age of 96, here are some snapshots of what her life was like before her coronation.</p> <h2>1926: Her Royal Highness Princess Elizabeth Alexandra Mary is born</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-1.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>Princess Elizabeth Alexandra Mary of York was born on April 21, 1926. She’s pictured here with her mother, Elizabeth, the Duchess of York, who was the wife of Prince Albert “Bertie” of York. Since Bertie was the second-born son of the reigning monarch, King George V, no one, and least of all the princess, herself, had any clue Elizabeth would one day be queen. Here, she’s just a sweet firstborn daughter of the “spare” heir.</p> <h2>A mum, a dad and a newborn princess</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-2.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>When Prince Albert (called “Bertie” by his friends and family) married Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, the two became the Duke and Duchess of York. Here, the Duke and Duchess are pictured with their newborn, Her Royal Highness Princess Elizabeth of York.</p> <h2>1927: Lilibet at 14 months</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-3.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>When Princess Elizabeth was learning to speak, she had trouble pronouncing her name, referring to herself as “Lilibet,” and the name stuck. Lilibet was a happy and friendly child and the darling of her grandparents, King George V and Queen Mary. Outgoing and plucky, Lilibet was one of the few people on the planet who wasn’t intimidated by the man she called “Grandpa England,” whom she led by his beard as if he were a horse, according to TIME.</p> <h2>Just out of the terrible twos</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-4.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>In this sweet family portrait from 1929, the Duke of York smiles at his toddler daughter, who sits on her mum’s lap.</p> <h2>Daddy’s in military garb; a princess salutes</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-5.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>In this photo taken the summer of 1931, the Duke exits the car in military garb after his wife and daughter, while Princess Elizabeth salutes members of the military.</p> <h2>1932: Still a cosy, normal childhood</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-6.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>Arriving at the Royal Tournament in 1932, Princess Elizabeth was dressed like the proper princess that she was, but she generally lived a quiet life outside the spotlight. Until the birth of her sister, Princess Margaret Ann, she played with the children of businessmen and doctors, as opposed to the children of royals. Princess Margaret was a playful influence on her sister, who was, as is often the case with older siblings, more conscientious and responsible.</p> <h2>Playing house</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-7.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>In their childhood, Princess Elizabeth and Princess Margaret had an adorable miniature house that was a gift from the people of Wales. In this 1933 photo, the two princesses pose with their pups and their parents outside the tiny house.</p> <h2>The Princess bridesmaid</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-8.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>Young Princess Elizabeth was a bridesmaid at the November 1934 wedding of Prince George, Duke of Kent (a younger brother of George) to Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark. Elizabeth is pictured here with her dad, the Duke of York, but what’s most notable about this photo is that it was taken the same day Elizabeth first met her future husband, Philip Mountbatten, who was Prince of Greece and Denmark at the time.</p> <h2>Kids Day at the Horse Show</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-9.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>The Duke and Duchess of York and Princess Elizabeth arrive at the Richmond Horse Show for an array of Children’s Day events on June 14, 1935.</p> <h2>A family portrait from 1936</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-10.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>As it turned out, 1936 would be an especially important year for this family, though they couldn’t have known it at the moment this photo was snapped. Earlier that year, King George V had died, and his firstborn son, King Edward VIII, had ascended to the throne. But it wasn’t to last.</p> <h2>Everything was about to change</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-11.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>Pictured with two of her Corgis in 1936, Princess Elizabeth likely has little awareness of the constitutional crisis brewing as a result of King Edward VIII’s romance with the still-married, once-divorced American, Wallis Simpson. Her divorce, among other things, made her an inappropriate king’s “consort,” but Edward declared his intention to marry her and make her his queen. By the end of 1936, Edward would abdicate after learning the British people wouldn’t be able to support their King’s marriage to a divorcee, leaving Elizabeth’s father, Bertie, as King (King George VI) and Elizabeth as the presumptive heir. One thing that hasn’t changed, even today? Elizabeth’s love of Corgis.</p> <h2>A newly crowned King and his family</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-12.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>This photo was taken on the balcony of Buckingham Palace just after the coronation of King George VI on May 12, 1937. From left to right, we see the new Queen Elizabeth, Princess Elizabeth, the Dowager Queen Mary, Princess Margaret, and the newly crowned King.</p> <h2>New King, Queen and heir presumptive</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-13.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>When this photo was taken in 1937, King George VI had just recently ascended the throne. Princess Elizabeth was now the heir presumptive. That isn’t the same thing as an heir apparent; there was still the theoretical possibility that the King would father a male child and, in those days, a younger brother would have taken Elizabeth’s place in the line of succession. This rule, known as “male primogeniture,” ended during Queen Elizabeth II’s reign.</p> <h2>The future Queen and her sister at play</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-14.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>Princess Margaret famously expressed her “sympathy” for what lay ahead of her dear older sister.</p> <h2>A day at the theatre</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-15.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>King George VI, accompanied by his wife, Queen Elizabeth, and their daughter, Princess Elizabeth, arrive at the Coliseum Theatre in London for a charity matinee on March 27, 1938.</p> <h2>Not the cheap seats</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-16.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>King George VI, Queen Elizabeth, and Princess Elizabeth are seen attending the theatre on March 27, 1939, to benefit The King George VI Pension Fund for Actors and Actresses.</p> <h2>The royal wave</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-17.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>On June 22, 1939, the royal family, having just returned from their royal Canadian tour, appear on the balcony of Buckingham Palace.</p> <h2>A visit to Dartmouth Naval College</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-18.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>In this photo, taken during a July 1939 visit to Dartmouth Naval College, Princess Elizabeth plants a tree while her father looks on and holds the hand of Elizabeth’s younger sister, Princess Margaret.</p> <h2>A photo of the King taking a photo</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-19.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>At an August 1939 event at Abergeldie Castle, which is not far from Scotland’s Balmoral Castle, King George VI, wearing a kilt, holds a camera to his face. He was an avid photographer, a hobby Queen Elizabeth II adopted.</p> <h2>Elizabeth as a lover of animals</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-20.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>Queen Elizabeth II was one of, if not the, most famous animal lovers in the world. Here she’s seen in 1939 feeding one of the elephants at the London Zoo. Later in life, Elizabeth received one as a gift from the President of Cameroon in 1972.</p> <h2>A closely-knit family</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-21.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>This photo, taken in 1942, shows the royal family, including Princess Elizabeth, 16, doing some knitting for the British troops.</p> <h2>All the pretty horses</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-22.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>Queen Elizabeth started riding at age three and owned many horses throughout her life. Here she is in 1943, at age 17, with one of her many horses during Harvest Time at Sandringham in Norfolk.</p> <h2>A princess’s first tour</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-23.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>On April 4, 1944, Princess Elizabeth, Queen Elizabeth, and King George VI stood in a scout car during an inspection of royal artillery units. It was Princess Elizabeth’s first full-length tour with her parents.</p> <h2>The heir presumptive turns 18</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-24.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>The 18th birthday of an heir (apparent or presumptive) signifies the heir could become monarch at any time without the need for a regent to act on his/her behalf. Here, Elizabeth answers a telephone greeting on her 18th birthday, April 21, 1944.</p> <h2>Young Elizabeth follows in her father’s footsteps</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-25.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>In this photo of the royal family taken on the balcony of Buckingham Palace in 1945, Princess Elizabeth wears a military uniform, following in the footsteps of her dad.</p> <h2>1945: A Princess does her military duty</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-26.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>It took a lot of cajoling, but eventually, Elizabeth got her father, King George VI to agree to allow her to join the Women’s Auxiliary Territorial Service during World War II, for which she donned coveralls and trained as a mechanic and truck driver and was known as “Second Subaltern Elizabeth Windsor.” According to History, the Queen is the only female royal family member to have entered the armed forces. She may also be the only royal female who can change a spark plug.</p> <h2>A laugh between Dad and daughter</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-27.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>Here, we see the king sharing a laugh with his oldest daughter in 1946.</p> <h2>The Princess does her duty for fashion</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-28.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>The current Princesses of the United Kingdom are not the first to have been on almost constant style-watch. Here, Princess Elizabeth is pictured in 1946 modelling what can only be described as a truly fabulous, fashion-forward hat.</p> <h2>1947: A future Queen’s promise</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-29.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>On April 21, 1947, on the occasion of her 21st birthday, Princess Elizabeth announces her intention to serve as Queen for life (when the time comes) and promises her loyalty and faithfulness in serving. Some say this speech was her commitment to never abdicate.</p> <h2>Meet the (royal) family</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-30.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>In 1947, Lieutenant Philip Mountbatten, RN, asked Her Royal Highness Princess Elizabeth for her hand in marriage. She accepted. This photo was specially posed by the royal family in connection with the upcoming wedding.</p> <h2>Later that same day…</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-31.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>The royal family sat for a more intimate photo, just the four of them.</p> <h2>Pre-wedding jitters?</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-32.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>The bride-to-be, Princess Elizabeth, emerges from her carriage as King George VI looks on. The wedding day had some hiccups, which includes the “tiara incident” that occurred just before this photo was taken.</p> <h2>Wedding day</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-33.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>On November 20, 1947, Princess Elizabeth and Lieutenant Philip Mountbatten were married at Westminster Abbey. To marry Elizabeth, Philip, who was born into the royal families of Greece and Denmark, had to renounce his birth titles (Prince of Greece and Denmark). In return, his father-in-law-to-be created him Duke of Edinburgh, Baron Greenwich, and Earl of Merioneth.</p> <h2>Post-royal wedding photo</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-34.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>On November 20, 1947, Princess Elizabeth married the Duke of Edinburgh (previously Philip Mountbatten, the former Prince of Greece and Denmark). Here, the future Queen stands between her father, King George VI, and her husband, who is chatting amiably with his new mother-in-law, Queen Elizabeth; next to her is the dowager Queen Mary.</p> <h2>1948: The pregnant Princess Elizabeth</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-35.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>During the summer of 1948, Princess Elizabeth and her sister, Princess Margaret, are snapped arriving at Ballater Station en route to Balmoral for a family vacation (or “holiday,” as they say in England). At this time, Elizabeth is six months pregnant with her first child, Prince Charles.</p> <h2>Meet His Royal Highness, Prince Charles</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-36.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>HRH Prince Charles was born at Buckingham Palace on November 14, 1948. In this photo, we see four generations of the royal family: the newborn Prince Charles; Prince Charles’s mother, then-Princess Elizabeth (holding Charles); Elizabeth’s father, King George VI; and King George VI’s mother, the dowager Queen Mary.</p> <h2>Grandpa’s pride and joy</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-37.jpg" alt="" /></p> <p>King George VI watches as Princess Elizabeth assists baby Prince Charles as he walks in early 1950. Princess Margaret and Queen Elizabeth stand to the right, gazing at the future Prince of Wales.</p> <h2>1950: The Princess and her toddler</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-38.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>In September 1950, Princess Elizabeth is seen with Prince Charles, age 2, on the train on their way to visit her parents, King George VI and Queen Elizabeth at Balmoral in Scotland.</p> <h2>A family photo from Scotland</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-39.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>In this photo taken on the grounds of Balmoral Castle in Scotland in late summer 1951, King George VI is on the far left and Queen Elizabeth is on the right; in the centre are Princess Elizabeth, her husband, the Duke of Edinburgh, and young Prince Charles, who is sitting on the deer sculpture. Princess Margaret is in the background.</p> <h2>1951: Princess Elizabeth and her baby daughter</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-40.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>Princess Anne is the only daughter of Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip. Born Her Royal Highness Princess Anne Elizabeth Alice Louise of Edinburgh on August 15, 1950, Anne will later become Princess Royal, a title the monarch may bestow on his/her eldest daughter.</p> <h2>The Princess cuts a rug</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-41.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>In 1951, during the Royal Tour, which she went on in place of her ailing father, King George VI, Princess Elizabeth dances a traditional Canadian square dance at Government House, Ottowa.</p> <h2>A last look at the Princess</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-42.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>On February 2, 1952, Colonel Mervyn Cowie opens the visitor’s book for Princess Elizabeth and the Duke of Edinburgh to sign upon their arrival at Nairobi National Park for a tour, during which they slept in a hotel built as a treehouse. Philip is chatting in the background with Cowie’s daughter, Mitzie. Four days later, King George VI would be dead, and the Princess would ascend the throne as Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II.</p> <h2>Long live the Queen</h2> <p><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/liz-43.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p>On February 7, 1952, Elizabeth, made her first appearance on English soil as Her Majesty, the Queen. She wore black because she was mourning the death of her father, King George VI. He had passed away two days earlier.</p> <p><strong>This article by Lauren Cahn first appeared </strong><strong>on <a href="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/true-stories-lifestyle/history/43-vintage-photos-of-queen-elizabeth-ii-before-she-became-queen" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Reader's Digest</a> and is reproduced here with permission.</strong></p> <p><em>Images: HISTORIA/SHUTTERSTOCK</em></p>

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Looking back at the making of a monarch

<p>In 1952, upon the death of her father, the young Elizabeth Alexandra May Windsor became Queen Elizabeth II.</p> <p>Sixteen months of intricate preparations led to her coronation – an event of supreme pomp and ceremony that heralded the beginning of a new Elizabethan Age, as citizens across the world emerged from the shadows of war into an era of confidence and prosperity.</p> <p>Travel with us back in time to the pages of Reader’s Digest 1952, when readers were given a glimpse of the ultimate royal party planners in full flight....</p> <p>Extract from Reader's Digest, June 2012:</p> <p><strong>England Prepares to Crown a Queen</strong><br /><em>By René Recler, Condensed from Cosmopolitan, October 1952</em></p> <p>King George VI of England was hardly buried last February before artists of the Royal Mint began to design new coins and medals. Royal heralds shook the mothballs out of their rich crimson and gold coats. Sword makers polished up old blades. A London firm of clothiers opened its vaults under Covent Garden and took inventory of dozens of ermine-trimmed crimson velvet robes, last worn in 1937, which noblemen will hire again next summer. Officials of the Lord Chamberlain’s department – which deals with the affairs of the royal household –began to use the word “coronation” in notes and memoranda.</p> <p>This was not an example of indecent hurry but the practical application of that ancient proclamation, “The King is dead; long live the King.” The new queen Elizabeth will not be crowned until June 2, 1953, but the river of official and private money – $300,000,000 – that England will spend for the coronation has long since started to flow.</p> <p>What is a coronation? The placing of a crown upon a young woman’s head? A two-and-a-half-hour ceremony in Westminster Abbey? It is all that and much more: it is the greatest spectacle England can put on; a bevy of crowns and scepters, gold spurs and priceless robes; a cavalcade of gallantry – 1200 earls, marquesses and barons, archbishops and bishops, heralds and champions, and great officers of state in the full glory of their centuries-old attire; a caravan of gilded carriages; a blast of trumpets, a glory of song.</p> <p>In the modern world the ceremony is unique, for no monarch of any other country ever is crowned.</p> <p>Bernard Marmaduke Fitzalan-Howard, 16th Duke of Norfolk, the hereditary Earl Marshal of England, is stage manager of the coronation. Premier peer of the realm, this unassuming country nobleman is for one year the supreme arbiter of social events and fashions, and the ceremonial behaviour not only of coroneted heads but of newspapers, radio, television and government.</p> <p>The Duke of Norfolk is head of the College of Arms, the supreme authority and heraldry. The College of Arms has already produced the new royal cipher, a bold “E-II-R” (for Elizabeth II Regina), in Roman lettering. This was one of the first steps in the preparations, for the cipher has to be embroidered on the liveries of all royal servants and countless household articles.</p> <p>The Earl Marshal will invite 7600 people to the ceremony itself, in Westminster Abby. Besides the blue bloods, the princes of the church, all members of parliament and their wives, and a host of attendants, ladies of the bedchamber, mistresses of the robes, pages and equerries, the Duke invites a hand-picked group of scientists and industrialists, trade-union representatives of the Commonwealth, and foreign guests.</p> <p>When the list is complete the earl marshal sends invitations to all commoners, but the Queen herself invites peers from dukes down to barons. Her invitation leaves them little choice in the matter:</p> <p><em>“Right Trusty and Well-Beloved Cousin. We greet You Well. Whereas We have appointed the Second Day of June 1953 for the Solemnity of our Coronation, these are therefore to will and command You, All Excuses set apart, that You make your personal attendance upon Us, at the time above mentioned, furnished and appointed as your Rank and Quality appertaineth, there to do and perform such Services as shall be required…”</em></p> <p>A peer must present himself at Westminster Abbey before 8:30 on the morning of the great ceremony, wearing “a mantle of crimson velvet edged with miniver, a cape furred with miniver pure and powdered with bars of ermine, a coronet of silver gilt with a cap of crimson velvet trimmed with ermine and carrying a gold tassel.”</p> <p>London salons – Baroque, Ltd., for instance – have been showing their first coronation robes. Robes cost four to ten times the pre-war price. A baron will pay between $225 and $1200 for his outfit, a duke between $300 and $1400. A silver gilt coronet, which before the war could be had for $30, now costs $100, and a ceremonial sword with the Queen’s cipher on the blade and hilt costs another $40. Baroque, which sold 45 robes for the 1937 coronation, doesn’t expect to sell more than half as many this time.</p> <p>The slack will be taken up by Moss Bros., Ltd. For a century Moss bros. has stored the robes, court dresses and uniforms of peers who were forced to sell them. They have hired the clothes out to their former owners for wearing at three coronations. A peer whose ancestry is longer than his purse can be outfitted for $75.</p> <p>Complicated protocol governs both robes and accessories. A viscountess, for example, is entitled to a train a yard and a quarter long, while a baroness rates only a yard. No outsider will see the Queen’s robes before the ceremony, but it is known that the train will be about eight yards long, and the mantle will be edged with 500 skins of ermine dappled with 650 tails.</p> <p>Coronation Week is a time when private detectives work overtime and insurance men go gray. Diadems and tiaras, necklaces and dazzling solitaires emerge from strongboxes all over England, but no individual can expect to top the fabulous crown jewels.</p> <p>These jewels, normally kept in an armored-glass enclosure in the Tower of London, will all be used or shown at the coronation. Preparing them is a three-month job. Every stone has to be removed by expert hands, cleaned, polished and reset. There are about 75 pieces of jewelry ranging from a huge emerald to a solid-gold saltcellar about two feet high. The coronation crown, known as St. Edward’s, is placed on the Queen’s head by the Archbishop of Canterbury, but is worn only momentarily. This is because of its great weight – it is solid gold.</p> <p>Elizabeth will actually wear the Imperial State Crown made for Queen Victoria’s coronation. Official handbooks describe it as “a white gold band surrounding a velvet and ermine cap” – an overly modest description, since the state crown is studded with 2783 diamonds, 373 pearls, 18 sapphires, 11 emeralds and five rubies. One of the rubies, the famous black Prince’s Ruby, two inches long, is worth $340,000.</p> <p>In preparing Westminster Abbey, the Earl Marshal will give orders, and the British Ministry of Works will execute them. The Abbey’s new look will cost a round million dollars. (Last time, the call for coronation souvenirs was so great the government sold the Abbey’s chairs and stools, 6000 cushions and miles of brocade.)</p> <p>A platform must be built to support the throne and the chairs of bishops and archbishops. Stalls usually reserved for the choir will be used by visiting royalty, ambassadors, cabinet ministers, the speaker of the House of Commons and other high personages. Then, in both aisles, structures will be raised to accommodate peers and peeresses, members of Parliament and their wives and ordinary spectators. A peer is allowed 19 inches of sitting space, a commoner 18. Outside preparations are just as elaborate. For the last coronation, in 1937, the government spent $2,8000,000 on the erection of 27 miles of stands and barriers along the procession route through the centre of London. But government expense is a drop in the bucket compared with the money that business and the public pour out. Thoroughfares such as Piccadilly and Bond Street will be covered with plaster or plastic arches supporting crowns 30 feed high – blazing with multi-coloured lights. One store is spending $20,000 on façade decorations alone. A flag maker has doubled his staff to bring out 750,000 flags and 500 miles of bunting.</p> <p>Two million people will line the procession route; at least 750,000 will come from the provinces and from abroad. The large hotels in the West End will probably be full, but the sprawling city has immense resources. Some 5000 private-house owners will put up visitors. One huge air-raid shelter in South London will take some of the overflow.</p> <p>Thousands of windows, roofs and gardens will seat spectators, and some firms have already marketed ready-made scaffolding. Prices will range from $10 for a spot among the chimney pots to $200 for a first-floor upholstered seat.</p> <p>What these myriads of people will spend on eating and drinking will make restaurant owners gleeful. What they will spend on souvenirs is expected to be in the region of $60,000,000. Since Victoria’s reign, the fashion is to buy a pottery mug or plate. In the Staffordshire district of England, firms are turning out some of the 12 million pieces that will bear the Queen’s profile or crown or cipher. This requires royal assent, and the Earl Marshal recently announced that the Queen will permit the reproduction of any royal emblem on any souvenirs, except objects of a transient nature. The British Council of Industrial Design will watch over souvenir design.</p> <p>And so the pageantry of centuries comes into being again. Now as always the British will draw strength and faith from their past in order to face their future.</p> <p><strong>This article first appeared on<a href="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/true-stories-lifestyle/history/The-Making-of-a-Monarch" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> Reader's Digest</a> and is reproduced here with permission.</strong></p> <p><strong><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/09/Making-Monarch01_0_BODY.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="1587" /></strong></p> <p><em>Image: Commissioned portrait of HM Queen Elizabeth II to celebrate her 60th birthday. The portrait appeared on the cover of the June 1986 issue of RD, before being presented to the National Portrait Gallery in London / MICHAEL LEONARD FOR READER'S DIGEST</em></p>

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William and Kate face anti-monarch protests

<p>Prince William and Kate Middleton are set to face a damning anti-monarch protest while in Jamaica. </p> <p>While on their eight-day tour of the Caribbean, a demonstration has been planned to be staged near the British High Commission in Kingston.</p> <p>The protest is to reinforce claims of Jamaican locals who believe the Queen has  "perpetuated the greatest human rights tragedy in history".</p> <p>It will be the second protest the royal couple have faced on their trip, as their first major engagement in Belize had to be cancelled over a protest about Indigenous rights, where campaigners spoke of the royal tour's "colonial overtones".</p> <p>The protest in Jamaica, organised by the Advocates Network, a human rights coalition of activists and equalities organisations, will call for an apology and compensation from the crown in keeping with Jamaica's upcoming 60th anniversary of independence.</p> <p>Co-organiser Nora Blake told <a href="https://www.independent.co.uk" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Independent</a>, "It is important as we turn 60 years old as an independent nation that we stand as 'adults' on solid ethical, moral and human justice grounds to say to Britain, who was once our 'parent', that you have done wrong in enriching yourselves off of chattel slavery and colonialism."</p> <p>"Morally this requires an apology, and it is only just that reparations be made. Many precedents have been set for this."</p> <p>"Today we are setting the conversation of our future generations, for them to have something to build a brighter future."</p> <p>The protest continues the conversation for many island nations to consider following in the recent steps of Barbados and severing ties the British monarchy. </p> <p>Many Commonwealth nations have indicated it is time to end the long history of association with Britain as a colonial power.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p>

Travel Trouble

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How the Queen came to hold 7 Guinness World Records

<p>It’s been 68 years since Queen Elizabeth II took over the British throne, and ever since, the 94-year-old monarch has made history many times over.</p> <p>Among her many accomplishments are Guinness World Record titles, which the Queen holds quite a few of.</p> <p>From longest-reigning queen to the wealthiest, here are some of the Queen’s Guinness World Records.</p> <p><strong>Oldest British Queen</strong></p> <p>On 21 December 2007, Queen Elizabeth II was given the title of oldest British queen at the age of 81 and 244 days old.</p> <p>The record was previously held by the monarch’s great, great grandmother, Queen Victoria.</p> <p>Queen Elizabeth succeeded to the throne on 6 February 1952 following the death of her father King George VI.</p> <p>Her reign surpassed Queen Victoria’s on 9 September 2015, after ruling for over 63 years.</p> <p>As of the Queen’s 94th birthday on 21 April 2020, she has ruled uninterrupted for 68 years and 75 days.</p> <p><strong>Oldest current monarch</strong></p> <p>In 2015, Queen Elizabeth became the world’s oldest monarch when the former title holder, King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz Al Saud of Saudi Arabia, died at the age of 90.</p> <p><strong>Longest-reigning living monarch</strong></p> <p>While the Queen currently is the fourth-longest reigning monarch in the world, she does hold the title of the longest-reigning living monarch.</p> <p>The top three longest-reigning monarchs include King Louis XIV of France, who ruled for 72 years and 110 days, followed by Thailand’s King Bhumibol Adulyadej, who ruled for 70 years and 126 days and King Johann II of Liechtenstein, who was ruler for 70 years and 91 days.</p> <p><strong>Most countries to be head of state simultaneously</strong></p> <p>The Guinness World Records revealed Queen Elizabeth holds the record “in terms of the number of independent nations for which the same person is lawfully Head of State at the same time” with 16.</p> <p>Acknowledging that this makes her “possibly the most powerful woman in the world,” the book of records states: “While the Queen's role is nominal and ceremonial (exercising no political powers), more than 139m people in 15 Commonwealth states (plus the UK) recognise her as their monarch.”</p> <p><strong>Most currencies featuring the same individual</strong></p> <p>Queen Elizabeth’s profile is featured on the coinage of at least 35 different countries, while Queen Victoria’s image appeared on currency from 21 countries and King George V appeared on 19.</p> <p><strong>Wealthiest Queen</strong></p> <p>In 2012,<span> </span><em>The Sunday Times</em><span> </span>estimated the Queen’s total wealth including fine art, jewellery and property, to be £310m (AUD 579m).</p>

Books

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Longest running what?! Queen Elizabeth’s latest milestone

<p>Queen Elizabeth can tuck another special achievement as of January 2020, after becoming the world’s fifth longest reigning monarch.</p> <p>The 93-year-old surpassed the 19th century Emperor of Austria Franz Joseph I - with her time on the throne so far lasting 67 years and 356 days as of January 27, 2020.</p> <p>The record follows the Queen’s other long list of accolades, including her title as the longest-living reigning monarch.</p> <p>Adrian Hilton, a lecturer in politics, philosophy and political theology, took to <a rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://twitter.com/Adrian_Hilton/status/1221353113401155585?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Etweet/" target="_blank">Twitter </a>to announce the news.</p> <p>The expert recognised that the Queen – who officially started her reign on February 6, 1952 – had moved up to fifth place on the list of the world’s longest reigning monarchs.</p> <p>“Just to say, today the Queen moved up a notch in the table of the world’s longest reigns, surpassing that of Franz Joseph I. God Save the Queen.,” he wrote alongside a screenshot of the Wikipedia lead table.</p> <p>K'inich Janaab Pakal, who was one of the most famous seventh-century Mayan rulers, sits in front of the British royal.</p> <p>In third place is Johann II of Liechtenstein, who ruled from 1858 and 1929, followed by Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand.</p> <p>King Bhumibol reigned from 1946 until his death in October 2016 and was the world's longest living reigning monarch before the Queen.</p> <p>Holding on to the top spot is Louis XIV of France, with an impressive 72-year and 110-day reign.</p> <p><strong>The longest-reigning monarchs </strong></p> <p>1. Louis XIV of France (reigned from 14 May 1643 to 1 September 1715)</p> <p>2. Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand (reigned from 9 June 1946 to 13 October 2016)</p> <p>3. Johann II of Liechtenstein (reigned from 12 November 1858 to 11 February 1929)</p> <p>4. K'inich Janaab Pakal (reigned from 29 July 615 to 31 August 683)</p> <p>5. Queen Elizabeth II (reigned from 6 February 1952)</p>

International Travel

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Boris Johnson update: “No prime minister must ever treat the monarch or Parliament in this way again”

<p>Boris Johnson is facing calls to resign after the Supreme Court found he had broken the law by asking the Queen to suspend parliament.</p> <p>On Tuesday, justices ruled the British PM’s decision to shut down parliament for five weeks was “unlawful” because it stopped MPs from carrying out their duties in the leadup to the Brexit deadline.</p> <p>“The decision to advise Her Majesty to prorogue parliament was unlawful because it had the effect of frustrating or preventing the ability of parliament to carry out its constitutional functions without reasonable justification,” said Lady Hale, president of the Supreme Court.</p> <p>The court said the prorogation on September 9 risked “that responsible government may be replaced by unaccountable government: the antithesis of the democratic model”.</p> <p>Opposition leaders and at least one government minister have called for Johnson’s resignation.</p> <p>“The government will be held to account for what it has done. Boris Johnson has been found to have misled the country. This unelected prime minister should now resign,” Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn said at a party conference.</p> <p>Liberal Democrats leader Jo Swinson said the ruling showed that Johnson “is not fit to be prime minister”, while Scottish National Party leader Nicola Sturgeon said “parliament should quickly come together to force this prime minister from office” if he would not “do the decent and honourable thing in tendering his resignation”.</p> <p>Critics also accused Johnson of misleading the Queen, whose formal approval was needed to suspend the parliament.</p> <p>“He’s misled queen and country, and unlawfully silenced the people’s representatives,” said Swinson.</p> <p>Former Conservative prime minister Sir John Major said after the ruling that “no prime minister must ever treat the monarch or Parliament in this way again”.</p> <p>Johnson said despite the “unusual judgment”, he “would not be deterred” in his plan to take the UK out of the European Union on October 31.</p> <p>“I have the highest respect of course for our judiciary and the independence of our courts but I must say I strongly disagree with this judgment,” he said.</p>

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Dark bruising sparks concerns for the Queen’s health

<p>Concerns over the Queen’s health have been raised after fans spotted deep bruising on the 92-year-old’s hands in a recent photograph.</p> <p>During a meeting with the King and Queen of Jordan, the monarch revealed purple-pink blemishes sparking speculation over her wellbeing.</p> <p>The Palace refused to comment on the reason behind the marks.</p> <p>The bruising could have been caused by a medical condition called peripheral cyanosis, which occurs when there are low oxygen levels in the red blood cells.</p> <p>But the discolouration could also be a sign of an underlying condition.</p> <p>Bruising can be caused by a multitude of things such as artery problems, beta blockers, blood pressure medicine or blood clots restricting the blood supply.</p> <p>While the bruising may be due to cold temperatures, that seems unlikely as the area has recently seen a bout of warm weather.</p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet tw-align-center" data-lang="en-gb"> <p dir="ltr">Today The Queen, with The Princess Royal, hosted Their Majesties The King and Queen of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, <a href="https://twitter.com/KingAbdullahII?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@KingAbdullahII</a> and <a href="https://twitter.com/QueenRania?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@QueenRania</a>, and their son The Crown Prince at Buckingham Palace. <a href="https://t.co/jMjdm5na8h">pic.twitter.com/jMjdm5na8h</a></p> — The Royal Family (@RoyalFamily) <a href="https://twitter.com/RoyalFamily/status/1101127897014849536?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">28 February 2019</a></blockquote> <p>It could be that the Queen has always had the marks, but as she wears gloves during public appearances, it hasn’t been noticed until now.</p> <p>But Twitter went into a frenzy after the photograph was revealed, with many noticing the blemishes right away.</p> <p>“I love keeping up with Queen Elizabeth II but I’m concerned,” said one user. “Why does she have such a terrible bruise on her left hand?”</p> <p>Another user was the voice of reason, saying “the lady is 92” and that “at that age any little knock unfortunately turns into what can look like severe bruises".</p> <p>Speaking to the<em> <a rel="noopener" href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/auhome/index.html" target="_blank">Daily Mail</a>,</em> medical expert Emma Hammett said that it’s possible “this serious looking bruise resulted from a relatively minor injury".</p> <p>Ms Hammett said that older people are susceptible to bruising as the tissue underneath their already-thin skin is fragile.</p>

Caring

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Airline collapse leaves 110,000 passengers stranded

<p>Monarch Airlines has gone into administration, leaving 110,000 passengers stranded and prompting the UK to organise its biggest ever peacetime repatriation operation.</p> <p>The collapse, which is the largest ever to hit a UK airline, has left travellers in a state of limbo with 300,000 future bookings cancelled and after the airline’s board called in administrators KPMG in the early hours of Monday morning.</p> <p>The Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) has reportedly been tasked by the UK government with the tricky job of getting 110,000 passengers home, and will charter more than 30 aircraft to help passengers get back to Britain.</p> <p>Monarch, which employs around 2,100 people, had been struggling with <a href="http://www.oversixty.com.au/travel/travel-tips/2016/09/10-great-budget-airlines-you-havent-heart-of/" target="_blank"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>mounting costs in a competitive market</strong></span></a>, which saw it suffer substantial losses. </p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"> <p dir="ltr">🇬🇧team at Menorca airport helping <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/monarchairlines?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#monarchairlines</a> passengers this morning. Follow the <a href="https://twitter.com/UK_CAA?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@UK_CAA</a> advice if you are booked to fly to/from 🇬🇧 <a href="https://t.co/s6dgHcXziR">pic.twitter.com/s6dgHcXziR</a></p> — Simon Manley (@SimonManleyFCO) <a href="https://twitter.com/SimonManleyFCO/status/914821462179053568?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 2, 2017</a></blockquote> <p>UK Transport Secretary Chris Grayling said: "I have immediately ordered the country's biggest ever peacetime repatriation to fly about 110,000 passengers who could otherwise have been left stranded abroad.</p> <p>"This is an unprecedented response to an unprecedented situation. Together with the Civil Aviation Authority, we will work around the clock to ensure Monarch passengers get the support they need.</p> <p>"Nobody should underestimate the size of the challenge, so I ask passengers to be patient and act on the advice given by the CAA."</p> <p>Have you ever had a flight canned?</p> <p><em><strong>Have you arranged your travel insurance yet? Save money with Over60 Travel Insurance. <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://elevate.agatravelinsurance.com.au/oversixty?utm_source=over60&amp;utm_medium=content&amp;utm_content=link1&amp;utm_campaign=travel-insurance" target="_blank">To arrange a quote, click here.</a></span> Or for more information, call 1800 622 966</strong></em>.</p>

Travel Insurance

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The reason the new portrait of Queen Elizabeth is so significant

<p>Over her 64-year reign, Queen Elizabeth has had over 150 official portraits commissioned, but the latest, unveiled yesterday at Windsor Castle, now has the most significant out of all of them.</p> <p>Queen Elizabeth is now the world’s longest-reigning monarch, following the death of King Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand. The 88-year old Thai King had reigned since 1946, making it 70 years on the throne.</p> <p>The latest portrait is the first one painted since the Queen broke the world record, who already made history for becoming the longest reigning monarch in the United Kingdom last year.</p> <p><img width="498" height="655" src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/28873/queen-portrait_498x655.jpg" alt="Queen Portrait" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"/></p> <p>For the first time, the Queen is portrayed as the patron of the British Red Cross, a charity which she has supported throughout her life. The queen is painted wearing the Queen in Garter robes, diamond earrings and a bracelet and tiara that belonged to Queen Alexandra, who enabled the Red Cross to get its royal charter by convincing her husband, King Edward VII, to present the charter to the charity in 1908.</p> <p><strong>Related links: </strong></p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><em><a href="http://www.oversixty.com.au/news/news/2016/10/her-majesty-mourns-death-of-beloved-corgi/">The Queen’s beloved corgi Holly has passed away</a></em></strong></span></p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><em><a href="http://www.oversixty.com.au/news/news/2016/09/netflix-trailer-for-the-crown/">Trailer for “The Crown” has arrived</a></em></strong></span></p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><em><a href="http://www.oversixty.com.au/news/news/2016/09/queens-gowns-to-be-put-on-display-at-windsor-castle/">Queen's most iconic gowns on display at Windsor Castle</a></em></strong></span></p>

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Read the first letter the Queen ever sent her grandmother Queen Mary

<p>To mark The Queen's birthday this week, The British Monarch Facebook page shared a rarely-before-seen letter from The Royal Archives – a note written by the Queen when she was just five years old.</p> <p>It is the first letter Princess Elizabeth, affectionately known as “Lilibet” in her childhood, sent to her grandmother, Queen Mary.</p> <p>"Darling Granny," the young royal wrote. "Thank you very much for the lovely doll's house. I do love it and I have unpacked the dining room and the hall. Love from Lilibet xxx."</p> <p><img src="https://fbcdn-sphotos-a-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-xfa1/t31.0-8/13047748_1115644045124091_8286408917848347016_o.jpg" class="spotlight" style="width: 604px; height: 479px;"/></p> <p><strong>Related links: </strong></p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://www.oversixty.co.nz/lifestyle/family-pets/2015/12/life-lessons-from-grandparents/"><em>Top 10 life lessons kids learn from grandparents</em></a></strong></span></p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://www.oversixty.co.nz/lifestyle/family-pets/2016/01/5-types-of-grandparents/"><em>There are 5 different types of grandparents – which one are you?</em></a></strong></span></p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://www.oversixty.co.nz/lifestyle/family-pets/2016/01/parents-and-kids-who-look-identical/"><em>10 pics of parents and kids who look identical</em></a></strong></span></p>

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Most Australians support republic over Queen Elizabeth’s successor

<p>Prince Charles and Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, have caused quite the public stir in their tour of Australia, but it seems, despite the flocking crowds looking to snap up a picture of the royals, most Australians aren’t so excited by the prospect of a “King Charles”.</p> <p>A new poll released by the Australian Republican Movement (ARM) indicates 51 per cent prefer an Australian head of state over a "King Charles" when the time comes for him to replace his mother, Queen Elizabeth.</p> <p>The poll of 1008 voters run between November 5 and 8 asked, "When Prince Charles becomes King of Australia, will you support or oppose replacing the British monarch with an Australian citizen as Australia's head of state?"</p> <p>Only 27 per cent of voters opposed replacing King Charles with an Australian head of state, while 22 per cent of people were undecided.</p> <p>50 per cent of Coalition voters supported constitutional change, with 34 per cent opposed to it. 62 per cent of Labor voters supported change and 21 per cent were against it. Among Greens voted, 57 per cent support change and 17 per cent oppose it.</p> <p><strong>Related links: </strong></p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="/news/news/2015/03/legacy-honours-war-widows/"><em>Three war widows who turn 100 during the Anzac centenary are honoured by Legacy</em></a></strong></span></p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="/news/news/2015/04/kangaroo-war-mascots/"><em>This kangaroo was a WWI hero</em></a></strong></span></p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="/news/news/2015/04/gallipoli-journey-for-war-widows/"><em>The Government is flying 10 WWI widows to Gallipoli to honour their husbands</em></a></strong></span></p>

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