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How can you heal a family fracture?

<p>While family disagreements are normal from time to time, it can be difficult on all family members when there is ongoing conflict among one or two individuals. It can lead to feelings of hurt, stress and serious anxiety if problems are not addressed in a peaceful way.</p> <p>This expert advice from relationship counsellors can help you deal with a painful family rift.</p> <p>According to the government’s <a href="http://www.familyrelationships.gov.au/">Family Relationships Online</a> some of the most common triggers to family conflict include separation or divorce, a house move, travelling long distances or commuting interstate for work and financial insecurity. However, even seemingly joyous family events such as birthdays, holidays, weddings and the birth of children can create unforeseen stress or conflict.</p> <p>According to experts, you don’t have to accept family conflict as the norm. Effective communication from both parties and coping strategies can help turn your family gatherings into a more positive situation for all.</p> <p><strong>Communication is key</strong><br />“Communication is always the best method to remedy a situation. This means providing a safe environment for both people to converse and exchange feelings and thoughts,” says counselling psychotherapist <a href="http://www.drkarenphillip.com/">Dr Karen Phillip</a>. </p> <p>“It can be resolved even if both people may not completely agree. However, if they can agree to have different perspectives and beliefs this is a big step to acceptance and unity,” she adds.</p> <p>Dr Phillip says trying to walk in the other person’s shoes can often be the most challenging task during a family conflict situation.</p> <p>“We need to always remember that each person has a firm belief they are correct therefore it is not a matter of one admitting fault but both accepting their own differences and beliefs.”</p> <p><strong>Focus on the solution</strong> <br />Many individuals are unable to see through the problem, says Dr Phillip, when they should be focusing on the solution instead.</p> <p>“Before discussing the matter, have two solutions worked out and allow the other person to select the best one for them and the situation. As long as you are comfortable with either solution and they choose and own one of them, you are both on the same page and a resolution is easier and more permanent.”</p> <p><strong>Dealing with family events and parties</strong> <br />Family and relationship expert <a href="http://www.marinabakker.com/">Marina Bakker</a> says forcing people who do not want to be in the same room together, for example during family functions, can cause a great deal of hostility and animosity, which is often felt by everyone else in the same space. She says the key is to take control of only what is within our control.</p> <p>“We cannot change other people but we can change how we view the situation and respect people’s decisions if they decide not to attend family functions and so on,” she says.</p> <p>“If family members decide to attend the same function and they are prone to outburst or fights you can lay down a few boundaries prior to the event about what behaviours will or will not be accepted.”</p> <p><strong>Don’t assume all of the responsibility</strong><br />“Family rifts and ruptures do happen and it is important not to take on other people’s responsibilities for repairing their relationship rifts,” says Bakker.</p> <p>Instead, focus on strengthening family relationships by practising positive behaviours such as acceptance and understanding.</p> <p>“When we accept things as they are it provides us with the opportunity to focus on what we can influence in a way that is not controlling or meddling,” she advises.</p> <p><strong>Useful links and resources</strong></p> <ul> <li><a href="http://www.familyrelationships.gov.au/AboutYou/Pages/default.aspx">Family Relationships Online</a>  </li> <li><a href="http://www.familyrelationships.gov.au/Services/FRAL/Pages/default.aspx">Family Relationship Advice Line</a> (1800 050 321) </li> <li><a href="http://www.familyrelationships.gov.au/BrochuresandPublications/Documents/family-counselling.pdf">Family Counselling Factsheet</a> </li> </ul> <p><em>Written by Mahsa Fratantoni. Republished with permission of </em><a href="https://www.wyza.com.au/articles/lifestyle/relationships/how-can-you-heal-a-family-fracture.aspx"><em>Wyza.com.au.</em></a></p>

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Why older people get osteoporosis and have falls

<p><em><strong>Kerrie Sanders is a Professor of Musculoskeletal Science, Nutrtion and Health Economics at the Australian Catholic University’s Institute for Health and Ageing.</strong></em></p> <p>As the world’s population lives longer, the significance of osteoporosis and fractures increases.</p> <p>In Australia, it is estimated that <strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="http://www.osteoporosis.org.au/sites/default/files/files/Burden%20of%20Disease%20Analysis%202012-2022.pdf">4.74 million Australians aged over 50</a></span> </strong>have osteoporosis, osteopenia (less severe than osteoporosis) or poor bone health. By 2022, <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://www.osteoporosis.org.au/sites/default/files/files/Burden%20of%20Disease%20Analysis%202012-2022.pdf">it’s estimated this will increase</a></strong></span> to 6.2 million, with one fracture occurring every 2.9 minutes.</p> <p>In 2012, the <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://www.osteoporosis.org.au/sites/default/files/files/Burden%20of%20Disease%20Analysis%202012-2022.pdf">total cost of poor bone health</a></strong></span> in adults aged over 50 was A$2.75 billion, and 64% of this cost was directly associated with treating and managing fractures.</p> <p><strong>What is osteoporosis?</strong></p> <p>Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones become fragile and brittle, leading to higher risk of breakage. This occurs when bones lose minerals such as calcium more quickly than the body can replace them.</p> <p>In Australia, osteoporosis affects <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://www.osteoporosis.org.au/sites/default/files/files/Burden%20of%20Disease%20Analysis%202012-2022.pdf">one in three women and one in five men</a></strong></span> over the age of 50.</p> <p>Referred to as a “silent” disease, osteoporosis generally has no symptoms and is rarely diagnosed until bones break or fracture. Osteoporosis is the disease and fractures are the outcome we are trying to prevent.</p> <p><strong>Why do we get osteoporosis as we age?</strong></p> <p>Our bones are living tissue and are in a continual state of renewal. As we age, more bone is broken down (resorbed) than is replaced by new bone. Thus our bones get thinner and more fragile as we age. This is particularly true during menopause for women and in men with lower levels of sex steroid hormones such as testosterone.</p> <p>“Primary osteoporosis” is bone loss that can be attributed to ageing or the known hormonal consequences of ageing, such as the decline in oestrogen and testosterone. These hormones help regulate bone renewal that occurs naturally as we age.</p> <p>As the level of these hormones decline from about the age of 50 in women and around 60 in men, the rate of bone breakdown is faster than the growth of new bone to replace it. Over time this leads to weaker, thinner bones. In women, the risk abruptly increases from the time of menopause, coinciding with a significant drop in circulating levels of oestrogen.</p> <p>“Secondary osteoporosis” occurs as a consequence of another disease (such as coeliac disease with associated calcium malabsorption), or as an adverse consequence of therapy for another disease where medication might bring it on.</p> <p>Thin bones of a poorer quality structure are more likely to break. The vast majority of fractures occur as a result of a fall from standing height. Vertebral or spinal fractures are the exception, frequently occurring without a fall or significant “trigger event”.</p> <p><strong>Why do we fall over when we get older?</strong></p> <p>There are many reasons older adults are susceptible to falls. These include side effects of some medications, vision impairments and less ability to prevent tripping over as balance, muscle mass and strength decline with age.</p> <p>The risk of fracture due to poor bones increases with age, and this is further enhanced by osteoporosis.</p> <p>Genetics also plays a role in an individual’s risk of fracture. Those of us with parents who had a hip fracture have an increased risk of fracture. The most common sites of fracture in older adults are the hip, vertebrae or spine, wrist or the humerus (upper arm or shoulder).</p> <p>About<strong> </strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10083688">30% of older adults</a></strong></span> fall at least once a year. The less often you fall, the less likely you are to break a bone.</p> <p>People aged 70 and over <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://www.osteoporosis.org.au/sites/default/files/files/Burden%20of%20Disease%20Analysis%202012-2022.pdf">accounted for 70% of the total</a></strong></span> acute hospital inpatient costs in 2012. Hip fractures <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://www.osteoporosis.org.au/sites/default/files/files/Burden%20of%20Disease%20Analysis%202012-2022.pdf">impose the highest burden</a></strong></span> both in terms of cost and decline in health-related quality of life.</p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25792491">Results from a recent study</a></strong></span> show most fracture patients have not fully recovered their previous level of quality of life by 18 months after the fracture.</p> <p><strong>Preventing osteoporosis and falls</strong></p> <p>Preventing falls in older people is an important way to prevent fractures. Adults who have good balance and muscle strength are often able to “save themselves” when they trip. Exercises that improve balance (such as Tai Chi) and help maintain muscle mass (weight-bearing and resistance exercises) are beneficial.</p> <p>Preventing osteoporosis involves regular weight-bearing and resistance exercise, adequate calcium in the diet (at least three serves of dairy or equivalent per day) and an adequate level of vitamin D in the bloodstream.</p> <p>Sunlight exposure on the skin is the primary source of vitamin D, but we need to practise safe sun exposure to reduce the risk of skin cancer. The recommendations vary by <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="https://www.mja.com.au/open/2013/2/1/building-healthy-bones-throughout-life-evidence-informed-strategy-prevent-osteoporosis">skin type, latitude and season</a></strong></span>. For people with moderately fair skin, six to seven minutes before 11am or after 3pm during summertime is considered sufficient.</p> <p>During wintertime, the daily recommended sun exposure increases to between seven and 40 minutes <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="https://www.mja.com.au/open/2013/2/1/building-healthy-bones-throughout-life-evidence-informed-strategy-prevent-osteoporosis">depending on where you live in Australia</a></strong></span>.</p> <p>While lifestyle factors such as nutrition and exercise can make an important difference to bone health over time, if an older adult has several risk factors for fracture their doctor may discuss the benefits of “bone active” medication. These medications slow the rate bone breaks down as we age. In general these medications halve the risk of fracture and are much more effective than lifestyle measures alone.</p> <p><em>Written by Kerrie Sanders. First appeared on <a href="https://theconversation.com/"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>The Conversation</strong></span></a>.<img width="1" height="1" src="https://counter.theconversation.edu.au/content/68145/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-advanced" alt="The Conversation"/> </em></p> <p><strong>Related links:</strong></p> <p><a href="http://www.oversixty.co.nz/health/caring/2017/02/apps-to-stay-independent-with-age/"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><em><strong>4 apps to help you stay independent as you age</strong></em></span></a></p> <p><a href="http://www.oversixty.co.nz/health/caring/2017/02/why-we-become-more-forgetful-with-age/"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><em><strong>Why we become more forgetful with age – and what you can do about it</strong></em></span></a></p> <p><a href="http://www.oversixty.co.nz/health/caring/2017/02/spot-and-prevent-age-related-conditions/"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><em><strong>How to spot and prevent 4 age-related health conditions</strong></em></span></a></p>

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Find out your bone fracture risk with new online tool

<p style="text-align: center;"><span><img width="117" height="74" src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/22722/kyb_logo_v2_117x74.jpg" alt="KYB_Logo _V2 (2)"/></span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span>THIS IS AN ADVERTORIAL FEATURE</span></p> <p>An Australian-first bone health self-assessment tool designed to help consumers understand their bone fracture risk, is now available to all adults, including the 7.5 million Australians living with brittle bones.</p> <p>The “Know Your Bones” online tool – an inaugural Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Osteoporosis Australia joint initiative – helps adults assess their likelihood of fractures, including those diagnosed with osteopenia and osteoporosis – two common bone conditions that, together with fractures, will cost the nation more than $3 billion this year.</p> <p>The evidence-based, consumer-friendly tool summarises bone fracture risk by assessing age, gender, weight, history of fracture, bone mineral density, and history of falls and lifestyle factors within the past 12 months. Risk of fracture over five and 10 years respectively, is assessed for people aged 50 and above, and a general, actionable summary is provided for all users (18+), for further discussion with their GP.</p> <p>The launch of the innovative tool coincides with the release of Osteoporosis Australia fracture figures revealing more than 155,000 fractures will occur Australia-wide this year, with a bone broken every 3.4 minutes due to poor bone health. Furthermore, men will account for up to 30 per cent of all fractures related to osteopenia and osteoporosis, and their associated costs. In 2016, the total annual cost of fractures is estimated to be $2.15 billion.</p> <p>Two-thirds of Australians aged 50 and above, have poor bone health and many don’t know it, even when they have obvious risk factors, or have experienced a previous fracture. Unfortunately, only around 20 per cent of those women who sustain a fracture and go to hospital, are either treated or properly investigated for osteoporosis. Even fewer men are followed up appropriately.</p> <p>Poor bone health can lead to fractures. Don’t wait to break a bone, take the Know Your Bones health assessment today.</p> <p>The Know Your Bones fracture risk self-assessment takes only five minutes. Simply visit www.knowyourbones.org.au, print out a report and take it to your doctor to discuss your risk and a suitable action plan.</p> <p>It’s estimated that 1.2 million Australians are living with osteoporosis and 6.3 million have low bone density. Osteoporosis affects women and men, and occurs when bones lose their density and quality, weakening the skeleton. Osteoporosis can affect almost any of your body’s 206 bones, though fractures most often occur in the hip, spine, wrist, ribs, and pelvis. However, the Know Your Bones tool can help people understand when they may need to speak to their GP about managing risks, proper medical investigation and management can approximately halve the risk of further fracture.</p> <p>Risk factors for osteoporosis include a family history of the disease, fractures from minimal trauma, low bone density and falls. Medical risk factors include low body weight, early menopause, low testosterone, inflammatory conditions, malabsorption disorders (such as coeliac disease), corticosteroid use (e.g. for asthma), some cancer treatments (particularly for breast and prostate cancer), loss of height (3 cm or more), overactive thyroid and parathyroid conditions. Lifestyle issues include calcium and vitamin D deficiency, smoking, insufficient exercise and excessive alcohol consumption.</p> <p>To check out the online test, visit <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://www.knowyourbones.org.au/" target="_blank">www.knowyourbones.org.au</a></strong></span> now.</p>

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